Training-induced improvement in lipid oxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to alterations in muscle mitochondrial activity. Effect of endurance training in type 2 diabetes

Bordenave, Sylvain; Metz, Lore; Flavier, Sébastien; Lambert, Karen; Ghanassia, É.; Dupuy, Anne‐Marie; Michel, Françoise; Puech-Cathala, A.-M.; Raynaud, E; Brun, J.F.; Mercier, Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.11.006

Cited by 62 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The correlations found between 6MWD and FATmax, which are independent of the VO 2 peak, indicate that the ability to oxidize lipids is an index of metabolic fitness as suggested by some authors. 35,36 In the present study, the FATmax occurred at Abbreviations: HR, heart rate; LIPOXmax, maximal fat oxidation rate power; VO 2 peak, peak oxygen uptake. lower exercise intensity as shown by HR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-minute walking test predicts maximal fat oxidation in obese children

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with reduced exercise maximal fat oxidation rate (FATmax), which is generally assessed by cardiopulmonary cycling test. The six-minute walking test (6MWT) presents an alternative method in patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish a practical reference equation facilitating the prediction of FATmax from the 6MWT in obese children of both genders. DESIGN: This study is a cross-sectional study using mixed linear and multiple regression models. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Anthropometric measurements were recorded and submaximal cycling test and 6MWT conducted for 131 school-aged obese children, 68 boys and 63 girls. A multiple regression analysis for FATmax, including six-minute walking distance (6MWD), anthropometric and cardiac parameters as the dependent variables, was performed for the two genders separately. RESULTS: Mean 6MWD and FATmax were 564.9 ± 53.7 m and 126.5 ± 12.1 mg min À1 for boys and 506.7 ± 55.0 m and 120.7 ± 10.0 mg min À1 for girls, respectively. The 6MWD, body mass index, Z-score, fat-free mass, waist and hip circumferences (WC and HC), rest heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were highly correlated with FATmax for both genders. There was a significant correlation between 6MWD and FATmax in both boys and girls (r ¼ 0.88 and r ¼ 0.81, Po0.001, respectively). Stepwise regression analyses revealed that the combinations of 6MWD with HC for boys and 6MWD with WC for girls improved the predictability of the model (R 2 ¼ 0.81 for boys and R 2 ¼ 0.72 for girls; Po0.001). CONCLUSION: In obese children, the 6MWT can be used to predict FATmax when formal test of exercise capacity and gas exchange analysis are unavailable or impractical. It is therefore possible to prescript targeted exercises at FATmax, without performing indirect calorimetry, just from a field test.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-minute walking test predicts maximal fat oxidation in obese children

et al. 2012

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“…Leptin increases muscle fat oxidation and decreases muscle fat uptake, thereby decreasing intramyocellular lipid stores (Dick, 2009). Although the information on this issue remains limited, it is clear that the level of maximal oxidation of lipids is related to some of these hormonal regulators : norepinephrine, whose training induced changes are positively correlated to an improvement in LIPOXmax (Bordenave et al, 2008) and growth hormone, whose deficit decreases it, a defect that can be corrected by growth hormone replacement (Brandou et al, 2006a). Downstream GH, IGF-I has also been reported to be correlated to LIPOXmax in soccer players as shown on Fig 5 ( Brun et al, 1999), reflecting either a parallel effect of training on muscle fuel partitioning or IGF-I release, or an action of IGF-I (or GH via IGF) on muscular lipid oxidation.…”

Section: The Physiological Basis For Measuring Lipid Oxidation Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bordenave (Bordenave et al, 2008) described the effects of ten weeks of mild exercise training targeted at the LIPOXmax (45 min of cycling, twice a week). This training was not sufficient to significantly decrease weight, but it exhibited marked effects on whole body lipid oxidation and muscle oxidative capacities.…”

Section: Lipox Training Improves Mitochondrial Respiration and Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Physiological Relevance of the Maximal Lipid Oxidation Rate During Exercise (LIPOXmax)

Brun¹,

Varlet‐Marie²,

Romain³

et al. 2012

An International Perspective on Topics in Sports Medicine and Sports Injury

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“…However, its prolonged use has been shown to result in a sustained weight loss [15] which contrasts with the quite constant weight regain observed in almost all classical strategies [16]. In this study we aimed at determining over 3 years the kinetics of weight evolution of patients trained with low volumes of low intensity exercise targeted by exercise calorimetry in comparison with controls who did not change their lifestyle and classical diet without exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term (3 years) weight loss after low intensity endurance training targeted at the level of maximal muscular lipid oxidation

Drapier¹,

Chérif²,

Richou³

et al. 2018

Integr Obesity Diabetes

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Among various strategies of exercise intensification proposed for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes, endurance training remains a well recognized procedure. When targeted with exercise calorimetry at levels where lipid oxidation is maximal (LIPOXmax), it has been shown to improve mitochondrial respiration, blood glucose control and blood lipids, low grade inflammation and body composition, even at low weekly volume. We investigated in this study its long term effects over 3 years (3x45 min/week) compared to low fat diet without exercise (LFD) and a control group without any exercise or diet (C). 88 subjects that continued LIPOXmax training more than 1 year (23 men, 65 women, age=20-85 years, body mass index =23-48 kg/m 2 ) were compared to two matched groups (C and LFD). While C gained weight over this period, LFD and LIPOXmax group lose weight. Weight loss at 1 year was the same in exercise and diet group, but at 2 years and even more at 3 years there was a gradual weight regain in LFD so that results were better (p<0.01) in the exercise group who maintained weight loss in 80% of subjects. Average weight loss was -2,95 ± 0,37 kg after 3 months, -4,56 ± 0,68 kg after 1 year, -5,31 ± 1,26 kg at 2 years and -8,49 ± 2,39 kg at 3 years. The level at which LIPOXmax occurs is a predictor of weight loss at 1 year (r=-0,346 p<0,001) but not at 2 and 3 years. Weight loss at 3 months is a predictor of weight loss at 1 year (r=0,523 p<0,001) but not at 2 and 3 years. At 1 year subjects with LIPOX max in the lower quartile (<35% VO2max n=23) lose less weight than the others (-2.3 ± 0.98 vs -5.4 ± 0.83 p=0,05) but this difference vanishes over time. This study shows that this low intensity exercise training maintains its weight-reducing effect 3 years while diet is no longer efficient, and that this effect is initially related to muscular ability to oxidize lipids but that metabolic and behavioral adaptations have been further developed and contribute to a long lasting effect.By contrast, low intensity endurance, that promotes lipid oxidation, has been proposed since almost twenty years as a promising strategy against obesity [8][9][10][11][12] .When targeted with exercise calorimetry at levels where lipid oxidation is maximal (LIPOXmax), it has been shown to improve mitochondrial respiration [13], blood glucose control and blood lipids, low grade inflammation and body composition, even at low weekly volume [14]. Surprisingly, this approach generated less literature, perhaps because its weight-reducing effects over the short term, although significant, were not spectacular.However, its prolonged use has been shown to result in a sustained weight loss [15] which contrasts with the quite constant weight regain observed in almost all classical strategies [16]. In this study we aimed at determining over 3 years the kinetics of weight evolution of patients trained with low volumes of low intensity exercise targeted by exercise calorimetry in comparison with controls who did not change their lifestyle and class...

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Training-induced improvement in lipid oxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to alterations in muscle mitochondrial activity. Effect of endurance training in type 2 diabetes

Cited by 62 publications

References 28 publications

Six-minute walking test predicts maximal fat oxidation in obese children

Six-minute walking test predicts maximal fat oxidation in obese children

Measurement and Physiological Relevance of the Maximal Lipid Oxidation Rate During Exercise (LIPOXmax)

Long term (3 years) weight loss after low intensity endurance training targeted at the level of maximal muscular lipid oxidation

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