Training of slow cortical potentials in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: evidence for positive behavioral and neurophysiological effects

Heinrich, Hartmut; Gevensleben, Holger; Freisleder, Franz Joseph; Moll, Gunther H.; Rothenberger, Aribert

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.11.013

Cited by 211 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…There has been an increase in research in this area since the last review. Details of these studies are provided in Table 4. -- Table 4 about here - Heinrich et al (2004) reported that, as well as behavioural improvements, slow cortical potential (SCP) neurofeedback training resulted in a larger CNV during a CPT task post-training, compared to a wait-list group, interpreted as an indication of improved resource allocation and selfregulatory capacity. Doehnert et al (2008) reported no CNV differences between an SCP neurofeedback group and a 'group therapy' control group, although participants who performed well at training had higher CNV amplitude.…”

Section: Examining the Effects Of Non-pharmacological Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten years on: A follow-up review of ERP research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Johnstone

Barry

Clarke

2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

148

132

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This article reviews the event-related potential (ERP) literature in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) over the years [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012]. ERP studies exploring various aspects of brain functioning in children and adolescents with AD/HD are reviewed, with a focus on group effects and interpretations in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions. There has been a distinct shift in research intensity over the past 10 years, with a large increase in ERP studies conducted in the areas of inhibitory control and performance monitoring. Overall, the research has identified a substantial number of ERP correlates of AD/HD. Robust differences from healthy controls have been reported in early orienting, inhibitory control, and error-processing components. These data offer potential to improve our understanding of the specific brain dysfunction(s) which contribute to the disorder. The literature would benefit from a more rigorous approach to clinical group composition and consideration of age effects, as well as increased emphasis on replication and extension studies using exacting participant, task, and analysis parameters. • Research focus and intensity has been in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions.• Some consistent differences from healthy controls are emerging, but more emphasis on replication and extension studies is needed to increase the consistency and specificity of results. AbstractThis article reviews the event-related potential (ERP) literature in relation to attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) over the years 2002 to 2012. ERP studies exploring various aspects of brain functioning in children and adolescents with AD/HD are examined, with a focus on group effects and interpretations in the domains of attention, inhibitory control, performance monitoring, non-pharmacological treatments, and ERP/energetics interactions. There has been a distinct shift in research intensity over the past 10 years, with a large increase in ERP studies conducted in the areas of inhibitory control and performance monitoring. Overall, the research has identified a substantial number of ERP correlates of AD/HD. Robust differences from healthy controls have been reported in early orienting, inhibitory control, and error-processing components.These data offer potential to improve our understanding of the specific brain dysfunction(s) which contribute to the disorder. The literature would benefit from a more rigorous approach to clinical group composition and consideration of age effects, as well as increased emphasis on replication and extension studies using exacting participant, task, and analysis parameters.

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Section: Examining the Effects Of Non-pharmacological Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten years on: A follow-up review of ERP research in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Johnstone

Barry

Clarke

2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

148

132

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“…ERPs are EEG signals that appear in anticipation, or in response to the presentation of a stimulus or event. SCPs reflect the excitability level of underlying cortical regions; deflection in the negative direction appears to reflect higher excitability and positive shifts that are associated with reduced excitability or inhibition [35]. In SCP training, subjects are taught to intentionally alternate from negative to positive deflections; that means, subjects are trained to be able to produce both positive and negative shifts and consequently to intentionally and instantaneously shift brain mental state from relaxed to attentive and vice versa.…”

Section: Brain Electric Activity and Its Relation To Brain Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Almost unequivocally, uncontrolled within subjects' pre-to post-treatment analyses indicate positive results with medium-to-large effect sizes (ES) [16,18,21,35,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Brain Electric Activity and Its Relation To Brain Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Information on the Clinical Use of Neurofeedback for ADHD

et al. 2012

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Summary Neurofeedback (NF) is a training to enhance selfregulatory capacity over brain activity patterns and consequently over brain mental states. Recent findings suggest that NF is a promising alternative for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We comprehensively reviewed literature searching for studies on the effectiveness and specificity of NF for the treatment of ADHD. In addition, clinically informative evidence-based data are discussed. We found 3 systematic review on the use of NF for ADHD and 6 randomized controlled trials that have not been included in these reviews. Most nonrandomized controlled trials found positive results with medium-to-large effect sizes, but the evidence for effectiveness are less robust when only randomized controlled studies are considered. The direct comparison of NF and sham-NF in 3 published studies have found no group differences, nevertheless methodological caveats, such as the quality of the training protocol used, sample size, and sample selection may have contributed to the negative results. Further data on specificity comes from electrophysiological studies reporting that NF effectively changes brain activity patterns. No safety issues have emerged from clinical trials and NF seems to be well tolerated and accepted. Follow-up studies support long-term effects of NF. Currently there is no available data to guide clinicians on the predictors of response to NF and on optimal treatment protocol. In conclusion, NF is a valid option for the treatment for ADHD, but further evidence is required to guide its use.

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“…Thirteen trials [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] met entry criteria. Figure 1 presents the PRISMA selection flowchart.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When considering only trials with FBT, results were significant for ADHD total (SMD=0.37, 95% CI=0.09-0.64) and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms (SMD=0.26, 95% CI=0.06-0.46) from most proximal raters, but not for ADHD inattentive symptoms or any ADHD symptoms rated by probably blinded assessors. There were insufficient trials (n=2 30,32 ) for an analysis focused on SCP training (two studies also used both SCP and FBT 31,33 ). When pooling only trials with no/low medication, results were significant only for ADHD inattentive symptoms, most proximal (SMD=0.59, 95% CI=0.31-0.88) and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, most proximal (SMD=0.32, 95% CI=0.06-0.58).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%