Training old rats selectively modulates synaptosomal protein synthesis

Eyman, Maria; Cefaliello, Carolina; Mandile, Paola; Piscopo, Stefania; Crispino, Marianna; Giuditta, Antonio

doi:10.1002/jnr.23133

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These processes occur by modulating the initiation and elongation phases of protein synthesis, and by acting on specific miRNAs [ 100 ]. Local protein synthesis responds with rapid and subtle modulation of the proteome to remodel the synaptic regions in response to stimuli [ 185 ]. Protein turnover is required for synaptic plasticity, and BDNF-signaling has been also described as a crucial regulator for maintaining the baseline autophagic activity in the brain.…”

Section: Neuroplasticity In Mdd: the Effects Of Antidepressant Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotrophic Factor BDNF, Physiological Functions and Therapeutic Potential in Depression, Neurodegeneration and Brain Cancer

Colucci-D’Amato

Speranza

Volpicelli

2020

IJMS

523

249

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the most distributed and extensively studied neurotrophins in the mammalian brain. BDNF signals through the tropomycin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and the low affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). BDNF plays an important role in proper growth, development, and plasticity of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses and through modulation of neuronal differentiation, it influences serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission. BDNF acts as paracrine and autocrine factor, on both pre-synaptic and post-synaptic target sites. It is crucial in the transformation of synaptic activity into long-term synaptic memories. BDNF is considered an instructive mediator of functional and structural plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS), influencing dendritic spines and, at least in the hippocampus, the adult neurogenesis. Changes in the rate of adult neurogenesis and in spine density can influence several forms of learning and memory and can contribute to depression-like behaviors. The possible roles of BDNF in neuronal plasticity highlighted in this review focus on the effect of antidepressant therapies on BDNF-mediated plasticity. Moreover, we will review data that illustrate the role of BDNF as a potent protective factor that is able to confer protection against neurodegeneration, in particular in Alzheimer’s disease. Finally, we will give evidence of how the involvement of BDNF in the pathogenesis of brain glioblastoma has emerged, thus opening new avenues for the treatment of this deadly cancer.

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Section: Neuroplasticity In Mdd: the Effects Of Antidepressant Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotrophic Factor BDNF, Physiological Functions and Therapeutic Potential in Depression, Neurodegeneration and Brain Cancer

Colucci-D’Amato

Speranza

Volpicelli

2020

IJMS

523

249

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This protocol allows the correlative analysis of memories with variables of post-trial sleep, and with brain macromolecules synthesized during the training session. More incisive information may be provided by investigating the selective pattern of genomic expression prevailing in sleep (Mackiewicz et al, 2007 ), or by monitoring the newly synthesized proteins selectively triggered by learning in the local synaptic system of gene expression (Eyman et al, 2013 ) or the activated synaptic RNAs (Ferrara et al, 2009 ). The local system of synaptic gene expression is supported and modulated by the intercellular transfer of perisynaptic glial transcripts to nerve terminals (Giuditta et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Comparing Shy With Shmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep memory processing: the sequential hypothesis

Giuditta

2014

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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According to the sequential hypothesis (SH) memories acquired during wakefulness are processed during sleep in two serial steps respectively occurring during slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. During SWS memories to be retained are distinguished from irrelevant or competing traces that undergo downgrading or elimination. Processed memories are stored again during REM sleep which integrates them with preexisting memories. The hypothesis received support from a wealth of EEG, behavioral, and biochemical analyses of trained rats. Further evidence was provided by independent studies of human subjects. SH basic premises, data, and interpretations have been compared with corresponding viewpoints of the synaptic homeostatic hypothesis (SHY). Their similarities and differences are presented and discussed within the framework of sleep processing operations. SHY’s emphasis on synaptic renormalization during SWS is acknowledged to underline a key sleep effect, but this cannot marginalize sleep’s main role in selecting memories to be retained from downgrading traces, and in their integration with preexisting memories. In addition, SHY’s synaptic renormalization raises an unsolved dilemma that clashes with the accepted memory storage mechanism exclusively based on modifications of synaptic strength. This difficulty may be bypassed by the assumption that SWS-processed memories are stored again by REM sleep in brain subnuclear quantum particles. Storing of memories in quantum particles may also occur in other vigilance states. Hints are provided on ways to subject the quantum hypothesis to experimental tests.

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“…In addition, orexin-A regulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and metabolic rate and is involved in immune processes and then regulate inflammatory response, with an anti-inflammatory action. The production of orexin-A by correct nutrition and by physical activity, has an important role in prevention of metabolic and inflammatory disease and also of the aging (Monda et al, 2019;Giuditta et al, 2013). In the light of these evidences, in this study we evaluated Orexin-A serum levels and cytokines serum levels in a cohort of patients affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Orexin-A serum levels are strongly modulated by physical activity intervention in diabetes mellitus patients

Polito¹,

Francavilla²,

Ambrosi³

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2020 - Winter Conferences of Sports Science

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The Orexin-A (hypocretin-1) is a neuropeptide secreted by neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. This protein regulates physiological and behavioural processes that have an essential impact on energy balance and metabolic status, physical activity, blood glucose levels, and food intake. Furthermore, that orexin-A regulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and metabolic rate and is involved in immune processes and then regulate inflammatory response, with an anti-inflammatory action. Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide health problem associated with obesity and sedentary lifestyle. High glycaemic levels and lipid serum profile, low col-HDL, or hypertension and increased body mass index (BMI) are significantly associated with increased T2DM risk and with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in T2DM patients. For these reasons the aim of this study is to evaluate the biochemical and anthropometric parameters, orexin-A levels by ELISA test and western blotting analysis, and inflammatory cytokines levels such as TNF-a, IL-8 and IL-10 by ELISA test in subjects affected by diabetes mellitus following an accurate physical activity program at baseline, after 3 months and after 6 months. We found that there is a ameliorate of many anthropometric and biochemical parameters; furthermore, there is a statistical increase of orexin-A serum levels already after 3 months compared to baseline in T2DM subjects and also there is a strongly modulation in inflammatory cytokines expression. These found indicates that the physical activity has beneficial effects not only on anthropometric and biochemical parameters but also on orexin-A levels, and then on CNS.

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Training old rats selectively modulates synaptosomal protein synthesis

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Neurotrophic Factor BDNF, Physiological Functions and Therapeutic Potential in Depression, Neurodegeneration and Brain Cancer

Neurotrophic Factor BDNF, Physiological Functions and Therapeutic Potential in Depression, Neurodegeneration and Brain Cancer

Sleep memory processing: the sequential hypothesis

The Orexin-A serum levels are strongly modulated by physical activity intervention in diabetes mellitus patients

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