Training Racially Sensitive Family Therapists: Context, Content, and Contact

Hardy, Kenneth V.; Laszloffy, Tracey A.

doi:10.1177/104438949207300605

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…The American Psychological Association (APA) published a set of guidelines for multicultural education, training, research, practice and organizational change for psychologists (APA, 2003). More specific recommendations for training clinicians to be more culturally competent have also been provided (Comas-Diaz & Jacobsen, 1991; Hardy & Laszloffy, 1992; Lo & Fung, 2003; Pedersen, 1997; 2000; Sue, 1990; Sue, Arrendondo, & McDavis, 1992; Sue, Ivey, & Pedersen, 1996). …”

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confidence: 99%

The formative method for adapting psychotherapy (FMAP): A community-based developmental approach to culturally adapting therapy.

Hwang¹

2009

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

143

176

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How do we culturally adapt psychotherapy for ethnic minorities? Although there has been growing interest in doing so, few therapy adaptation frameworks have been developed. The majority of these frameworks take a top-down theoretical approach to adapting psychotherapy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a community-based developmental approach to modifying psychotherapy for ethnic minorities. The Formative Method for Adapting Psychotherapy (FMAP) is a bottom-up approach that involves collaborating with consumers to generate and support ideas for therapy adaptation. It involves 5-phases that target developing, testing, and reformulating therapy modifications. These phases include: (a) generating knowledge and collaborating with stakeholders (b) integrating generated information with theory and empirical and clinical knowledge, (c) reviewing the initial culturally adapted clinical intervention with stakeholders and revising the culturally adapted intervention, (d) testing the culturally adapted intervention, and (e) finalizing the culturally adapted intervention. Application of the FMAP is illustrated using examples from a study adapting psychotherapy for Chinese Americans, but can also be readily applied to modify therapy for other ethnic groups. KeywordsAsian American; adaptation; ethnic minority; psychotherapy; treatment Will culturally adapting psychotherapy improve treatment outcomes for ethnic minorities? Research demonstrates that ethnic minorities are less likely to receive quality health services and evidence worse treatment outcomes when compared with Caucasian Americans (Institute of Medicine (IOM), 1999; United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS), 2001). Bernal, Jiménez-Chafey, & Domenech Rodríguez (2009) report that previous literature addressing cultural adaptation models is not well documented, contributing to the paucity of detailed literature in this area. Although considerable progress has been made in establishing and defining efficacious and possibly efficacious treatments for the general population, relatively little is known about the efficacy of empirically-supported treatments (Miranda, Bernal, Lau, Kohn, Hwang, & LaFromboise, 2005;Nagayama-Hall, 2001). As the demographics of the United States (U.S.) change, this critical lacuna in our knowledge along with our under-preparedness to effectively treat ethnic minorities will become more apparent.Today, mental health providers are faced with the dilemma of (a) implementing an "as is approach" to disseminating ESTsto culturally diverse ethnic groups, (b) adapting ESTsto be more culturally congruent in order to better fit the needs of ethnic clients, or (c) developing new, culture-specific ESTs for each ethnic group. Since the majority of therapists working with ethnic minority clientele in the U.S. are trained in western psychotherapy, developing culturespecific treatments that are based on different healing paradigms make choice number (c) less practical. Moreover, developing novel ethnic-specific treatments...

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confidence: 99%

The formative method for adapting psychotherapy (FMAP): A community-based developmental approach to culturally adapting therapy.

Hwang¹

2009

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

143

176

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“…Training clinicians to improve their clinical encounters involves examining their treatment assumptions and modality, communication, planning, clinical methods, and assessment (Gould, 1981;Hardy & Laszloffy, 1992). Approaches need to be investigated and documented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnography's role in assisting mental health research and clinical practice

Quimby

2006

J. Clin. Psychol.

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In this article, the author discusses the utility of qualitative approaches in mental health research and clinical practice. He highlights the value of conceptualizing research designs and procedures that include relevant cultural information about study participants. Emphasis is placed on African American women participants, consumers, and others who are understudied, underrepresented, and underserved in large-scale studies and treatment. Limitations and strengths are noted. Contributions of qualitative methodology are described, particularly the functions of ethnography and grounded theory in conceptualization, hypotheses building, and hypotheses testing of outcome data on African American women and culturally diverse groups. Clinical researchers are encouraged to utilize qualitative and mixed methods approaches to bolster outcomes and better inform their clinical practice.

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“…The CART functions also in the form of a structured workshop titled "Understanding Your Cross-Cultural Counseling Style." Hardy and Laszloffy (1992) recommended that students complete cultural genograms to learn more about their own racial identity, which is consistent with family counseling. In addition, the authors believed that the genogram helps students learn about family-held prejudices that may have been passed down to them.…”

Section: Classroom Training Approach For Counselorsmentioning

confidence: 96%