Trajectories of Mental Health Difficulties in Young People Who are Attracted to the Same Gender: A Systematic Review

Gilbey, Dylan; Mahfouda, Simone; Ohan, Jeneva L.; Lin, Ashleigh; Perry, Yael

doi:10.1007/s40894-019-00128-8

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The findings of this review are therefore consistent with others in the literature that frequently report low quality of evidence associated with digital health interventions [ 43 , 45 , 102 , 103 ]. In addition, only 1 study trialed a digital health intervention in a community setting [ 61 ], and its rate of user retention was approximately half that of its clinical trial, consistent with previous studies that have found a similar pattern [ 104 ]. The generalizability of the findings of these studies to the wider population of LGBTIQ+ young people, therefore, cannot be determined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…These searches were conducted using a combination of subject headings and keywords corresponding to the following themes: LGBTIQ+, Youth/Young People (aged 12-25 years), Mental Health, Physical Health, Sexual Health, Digital and Intervention. The search terms for LGBTIQ+, Youth/Young People, and Mental Health themes were adapted from those previously reported by Gilbey et al [ 61 ] and Lee et al [ 62 ]. The search terms for the other themes were devised from a broad initial scoping search of relevant articles to identify key terms and phrases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Digital Health Interventions for LGBTIQ+ Young People: Systematic Review

Gilbey¹,

Morgan²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

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Background Young people (aged 12-25 years) with diverse sexuality, gender, or bodily characteristics, such as those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, or queer (LGBTIQ+), are at substantially greater risk of a range of mental, physical, and sexual health difficulties compared with their peers. Digital health interventions have been identified as a potential way to reduce these health disparities. Objective This review aims to summarize the characteristics of existing evidence-based digital health interventions for LGBTIQ+ young people and to describe the evidence for their effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using internet databases and gray literature sources, and the results were screened for inclusion. The included studies were synthesized qualitatively. Results The search identified 38 studies of 24 unique interventions seeking to address mental, physical, or sexual health–related concerns in LGBTIQ+ young people. Substantially more evidence-based interventions existed for gay and bisexual men than for any other population group, and there were more interventions related to risk reduction of sexually transmitted infections than to any other health concern. There was some evidence for the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of these interventions overall; however, the quality of evidence is often lacking. Conclusions There is sufficient evidence to suggest that targeted digital health interventions are an important focus for future research aimed at addressing health difficulties in LGBTIQ+ young people. Additional digital health interventions are needed for a wider range of health difficulties, particularly in terms of mental and physical health concerns, as well as more targeted interventions for same gender–attracted women, trans and gender-diverse people, and people with intersex variations. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020128164; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=128164

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Digital Health Interventions for LGBTIQ+ Young People: Systematic Review

Gilbey¹,

Morgan²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

Self Cite

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“…Approximately half of all mental health disorders first emerge before age 14 (World Health Organization, 2018), and global estimates indicate the prevalence of mental health difficulties to be between 10% and 20% during adolescence. Moreover, adolescent mental health often shows a continued trajectory into adulthood (Bevilacqua et al, 2017; Gilbey et al, 2019; Shore et al, 2017), with a range of social and health consequences (Clayborne et al, 2019; Ohrnberger et al, 2017). As such, adolescent mental health has become a critical area for public health policy (House of Commons, 2019; World Health Organization, 2013), highlighting the need for research to uncover potentially modifiable factors associated with mental health during this life stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Climate, Peer Relationships, and Adolescent Mental Health: A Social Ecological Perspective

2020

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The current study investigated peer relationship and school climate factors associated with adolescent mental health. Cross-sectional data from 2,571 fifteen-year old students in 22 Scottish secondary schools was used. Multilevel models tested for school differences in mental health, and nested linear regression models estimated peer and school effects. Results demonstrated no significant between-school variation in mental health. Peer victimization was the only peer effect associated with mental health. School-belonging, student-teacher relationships, and a perceived inclusive school climate were associated with better mental health, whereas a perceived school climate of exam pressure was associated with worse mental health. The findings highlight multiple aspects of school climate that could be targeted in school-based interventions for adolescent mental health.

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“…For example, data from a national study of adolescents (Add Health) showed that average longitudinal trajectories for substance use among SMA are disparate from heterosexual youth beginning in early adolescence and increase as youth transition into young adulthood. 15 When examining individual trajectories of suicidality, all sexual minority groups (lesbian, gay, bisexual and mostly heterosexual) reported higher rates of suicidality across all four waves than their heterosexual peers, from mid-adolescence to early adulthood, 16 a phenomenon also found in a recent systematic review by Gilbey et al 17 Strengths and limitations of this study ► This study leverages a newly developed, valid and psychometrically sound measure of minority stress in a large, diverse national sample of adolescents. ► The longitudinal cohort design permits the first examination of change in minority stress experiences over time among adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Adolescent stress experiences over time study (ASETS) protocol: design and methods of a prospective longitudinal study of sexual minority adolescents in the USA

et al. 2022

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IntroductionSexual minority adolescents (SMA) report higher rates of anxiety, self-harm, depression and suicide than heterosexual peers. These disparities appear to persist into adulthood and may worsen for certain subgroups, yet the mechanisms that drive these concerns remain poorly understood. Minority stress theory, the predominant model for understanding these disparities, posits that poorer outcomes are due to the stress of living in a violently homophobic and discriminatory culture. Although numerous studies report associations between minority stress and behavioural health in adolescence, no study has comprehensively examined how minority stress may change throughout the course of adolescence, nor how stress trajectories may predict health outcomes during this critical developmental period.Methods and analysisBetween 15 May 2018 and 1 April 2019, we recruited a US national sample of diverse SMA (n=2558) age 14–17 through social media and respondent-driven sampling strategies. A subset of participants (n=1076) enrolled in the longitudinal component and will be followed each 6 months until 1 July 2022. Primary outcomes include symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder; suicidality and self-harm and substance use. The key predictor is minority stress, operationalised as the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory. We will use parallel cohort-sequential latent growth curve models to test study hypotheses within a developmental framework.Ethics and disseminationAll participants provided assent to participate, and longitudinal participants provided informed consent at the first follow-up survey after reaching age 18. All study procedures were reviewed and approved by the University of Southern California Social–Behavioral Institutional Review Board, including a waiver of parental permission given the potential for harm due to unintentional ‘outing’ to a parent during the consent process. The final anonymous data set will be available on request, and research findings will be disseminated through academic channels and products tailored for the lay community.

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Trajectories of Mental Health Difficulties in Young People Who are Attracted to the Same Gender: A Systematic Review

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Digital Health Interventions for LGBTIQ+ Young People: Systematic Review

Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Digital Health Interventions for LGBTIQ+ Young People: Systematic Review

School Climate, Peer Relationships, and Adolescent Mental Health: A Social Ecological Perspective

Adolescent stress experiences over time study (ASETS) protocol: design and methods of a prospective longitudinal study of sexual minority adolescents in the USA

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