Trajectories of Substance Use: Onset and Adverse Outcomes Among North American Indigenous Adolescents

Sittner, Kelley J.

doi:10.1111/jora.12233

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For example, in a study of First Nations youth living on-reserve in the United States, earlier age of first substance use predicted developmental course and increased risk of later psychological outcomes. 72 The potential synergistic or additive effects of having both parents who attended, and/or of having a grandparent who attended, were also not considered in the analyses. 8,20 Finally, research in animal and human studies demonstrating the moderating influence of the parental sex in determining the transmission of risks and protective factors to their sons and/or daughters raises the potential importance of considering parental gender in future analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal thoughts and attempts in First Nations communities: links to parental Indian residential school attendance across development

Bombay

McQuaid

Schwartz

et al. 2018

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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The Indian residential school (IRS) system in Canada ran for over a century until the last school closed in 1996. Conditions in the IRSs resulted in generations of Indigenous children being exposed to chronic childhood adversity. The current investigation used data from the 2008-2010 First Nations Regional Health Survey to explore whether parental IRS attendance was associated with suicidal thoughts and attempts in childhood, adolescence and in adulthood among a representative sample of First Nations peoples living on-reserve across Canada. Analyses of the adult sample in Study 1 (unweighted n=7716; weighted n=186,830) revealed that having a parent who attended IRS was linked with increased risk for suicidal thoughts and attempts in adolescence and adulthood. Although females were negatively affected by having a parent who attended IRS, the link with suicidal ideation in adulthood was greater for males. Analyses of the youth sample in Study 2 (unweighted n=2883; weighted n=30,190) confirmed that parental IRS attendance was associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideation and attempts. In contrast to the adult sample, parental IRS attendance had a significantly greater relation with suicidal ideation among female youth. A significant interaction also emerged between parental IRS attendance and age in the youth sample, with the influence of parental attendance being particularly strong among youth ages 12-14, compared with those 15-17 years. These results underscore the need for culturally relevant early interventions for the large proportions of Indigenous children and youth intergenerationally affected by IRSs and other collective traumas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal thoughts and attempts in First Nations communities: links to parental Indian residential school attendance across development

Bombay

McQuaid

Schwartz

et al. 2018

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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“…Results from the first eight waves reveal that the children had low rates of SU and problem behaviors early in the study (around age 10 years), but also experienced high levels of early‐onset SU and mental health problems as they entered adolescence (Walls, Sittner Hartshorn, & Whitbeck, ). The study team identified several culturally relevant risk factors (e.g., historical trauma and losses, discrimination) and protective factors (e.g., enculturation; Walls, Whitbeck, & Armenta, ), along with within‐sample variability in SU trajectories over time (Sittner, ). After a lapse in funding spanning several years, annual interviews with the original adolescent participants (now in their mid‐20s) resumed in 2017, with plans for three total young adult assessments.…”

Section: Community Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use Research with Indigenous Communities: Exploring and Extending Foundational Principles of Community Psychology

Wendt

Hartmann

Allen³

et al. 2019

American J of Comm Psychol

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Highlights• Indigenous Peoples are concerned with previous experience of substance use research as disempowering.• Community psychology principles may inform ethical community-driven substance use research.• We explore these principles through seven Indigenous substance use studies across the U.S. and Canada.• Indigenous substance use research reflects, expands, and challenges community psychology principles.• We discuss implications for Indigenous substance use research and community psychology.Abstract Many Indigenous communities are concerned with substance use (SU) problems and eager to advance effective solutions for their prevention and treatment. Yet these communities also are concerned about the perpetuation of colonizing, disorder-focused, stigmatizing approaches to mental health, and social narratives related to SU problems. Foundational principles of community psychology-ecological perspectives, empowerment, sociocultural competence, community inclusion and partnership, and reflective practice-provide useful frameworks for informing ethical community-based research pertaining to SU problems conducted with and by Indigenous communities. These principles are explored and extended for Indigenous community contexts through themes generated from seven collaborative studies focused on understanding, preventing, and treating SU problems. These studies are generated from research teams working with Indigenous communities across the United States and Canada-inclusive of urban, rural, and reservation/reserve populations as well as adult and youth participants. Shared themes indicate that Indigenous SU research reflects community psychology principles, as an outgrowth of research agendas and processes that are increasingly guided by Indigenous communities. At the same time, this research challenges these principles in important ways pertaining to Indigenous-settler relations and Indigenous-specific considerations. We discuss these challenges and recommend greater synergy between community psychology and Indigenous research.

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“…As such, we would also expect there to be a modest overlap in lifetime nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana use disorders across the course of adolescence. Among Indigenous youth, early onset substance users are more likely to proceed to multiple dependencies than are later onset substance users (Sittner, 2016). National data indicates that American Indian adults have among the highest rates of comorbid nicotine dependence and alcohol use disorders, and comorbid alcohol use disorder and other drug use disorders, particularly marijuana use disorder (Falk et al, 2006;Falk, Yi, & Hiller-Sturmhofel, 2008).…”

Section: Sud Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of lifetime SUD found among various Indigenous populations may be a function of early and cumulative abuse/dependence cases, rather than sustained risk across the life course (Copeland et al, 2017). Despite this, SUDs in adolescence likely disrupts key developmental processes (e.g., school, family relations) that may portend negative outcomes across the life course such as low educational attainment and criminal justice system involvement (Sittner, 2016).…”

Section: Timing and Probability Of Sud Onsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nicotine use precedes both alcohol and marijuana use (Whitbeck & Armenta, 2015), but the temporal progression from first alcohol use to first marijuana use is less consistent (Novins et al, 2001;Whitbeck & Armenta, 2015). There is evidence that earlier onset substance users may have an accelerated course to dependence with shorter times between onset and dependency than later initiators (Cheadle & Whitbeck, 2011;Cheadle & Sittner Hartshorn, 2012;Sittner, 2016). Moreover, peak periods of risk for abuse/dependence occur within a few years after initiation, with faster transitions from initiation to abuse/dependence for marijuana compared to nicotine and alcohol (Behrendt et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Onset, Comorbidity, and Predictors of Nicotine, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use Disorders Among North American Indigenous Adolescents

Hautala

Sittner

Walls

2018

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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North American Indigenous (i.e., American Indian and Canadian First Nations) youth experience inequities in rates of substance abuse and dependence. Despite this, few longitudinal studies examine the developmental course of substance use disorders (SUD) among community-based samples of Indigenous youth. The purpose of the study was to examine onset and predictors of nicotine dependence, alcohol use disorders, marijuana use disorders, any SUD, and multiple SUDs across the entire span of adolescence among a longitudinal sample (N = 744) of reservation/ reserve Indigenous youth in the upper-Midwest of the United States and Ontario, Canada. Using discrete time survival analysis, the results show that rates of meeting criteria for substance use disorders by late adolescence were 22% for nicotine, 43% for alcohol, and 35% for marijuana. Peak periods of risk for new nicotine dependence and marijuana use disorder cases occurred around 14 years of age, whereas peak periods of risk for new alcohol use disorder cases emerged slightly later around 16 years of age. We found high rates of SUD comorbidity, and the cumulative probability of developing two or more SUDs during adolescence was 31%. Internalizing disorders increased the odds of nicotine dependence and multiple substance use disorders, while externalizing disorders increased the odds of all outcomes except nicotine dependence. Gender, age, and per capita family income were inconsistently associated with SUD onset. The findings are embedded within broader substance use patterns identified among Indigenous youth, and prevention, intervention, and treatment implications are discussed.

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Trajectories of Substance Use: Onset and Adverse Outcomes Among North American Indigenous Adolescents

Cited by 13 publications

References 90 publications

Suicidal thoughts and attempts in First Nations communities: links to parental Indian residential school attendance across development

Suicidal thoughts and attempts in First Nations communities: links to parental Indian residential school attendance across development

Substance Use Research with Indigenous Communities: Exploring and Extending Foundational Principles of Community Psychology

Onset, Comorbidity, and Predictors of Nicotine, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use Disorders Among North American Indigenous Adolescents

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