Trajectory Control of Self-Propelled Micromotors Using AC Electrokinetics

Yoshizumi, Yoshitaka; Honegger, T.; Berton, K.; Suzuki, Hiroaki; Peyrade, D.

doi:10.1002/smll.201501557

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Such directionality control over hybrid motors can also be accomplished by using electrical fields. Yoshizumi et al used electrical fields to control the directionality of PS/Pt/Au nanomotors . The motion of self‐propelled nanomotors could be individually controlled by using grid electrodes formed on the bottom and top of microchannels via AC electroosmosis and positive dielectrophoresis.…”

Section: Multistimuli‐enabled Advanced Motion Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Nanovehicles: One Machine, Two Engines

Chen

Soto

Karshalev

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Nanomotors have emerged as promising and versatile nanorobotic tools in a variety of medical, sensing, decontamination, and manufacturing applications due to their unique ability to operate and perform task at small scales. This review focuses on the current progress and future perspectives of hybrid nanomotors based on two power sources, with a special highlight on their distinct advantages, unique propulsion behaviors, adaptive operation, and potential applications. Such incorporation of multiple engines into a single nanoscale vehicle addresses certain limitations of nanomotors based on a single propulsion mode and adds new dimensions for advanced motion management. These attractive capabilities of hybrid nanoscale vehicles are discussed along with the challenges and opportunities when coupling several propulsion modes into a single device. With continuous innovations, it is expected that hybrid nanomotors will have a profound impact upon the field of nanorobotics.

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Section: Multistimuli‐enabled Advanced Motion Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Nanovehicles: One Machine, Two Engines

Chen

Soto

Karshalev

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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“…D) Controlled motion of a catalytic microparticle on an electrode grid inside a microfluidic channel. An AC electric field was sequentially applied at positions B1, T1, B2, T2, and B3, time frame 20 s. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2015, Wiley‐VCH.…”

Section: Control Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By pulsed dielectrophoresis with a potential of 2 V pp and a frequency of 10 MHz, a “shuttle‐style” motion, i.e., movement forward and backward between the electrode edges, was observed (Figure C). In the second work, the guidance of Janus microparticles on a grid of electrodes was presented . 5 µm polystyrene particles, coated with Pt/Au layers with total thicknesses <120 nm, showed self‐electrophoretic movement in 1 m aqueous H 2 O 2 solution.…”

Section: Control Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

Guix

Weiz

Schmidt

et al. 2018

Part & Part Syst Charact

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resulted in a forward motion. Here, the thermodynamic forces act over the inertial thrust. Variations of this motion principle have been reported over the last decade and they will be discussed accordingly in the following sections depending on the micromotor design and the energy source used for its propulsion (i.e., concentration gradient, electric fields, magnetic fields, thermal gradients). Additionally, different approaches to improve the performance in terms of velocity, control, lifetime, and functionality will be covered. However, there are certain constraints on the synthetic autonomous nano-and microparticle performance, such as poor interaction with the surrounding environment (i.e., biological entities) and lack of sensing capabilities, in addition to low lifespan or related toxicity issues. Therefore, biohybrid particulate micromotors appear as a promising solution to overcome such hurdles. They take advantage of the tailored and advanced functions of biological cells or microorganism, such as self-propulsion, sensing, and cargo capabilities, as well as their ability to interact with other cells. Together with the controllability of engineered microobjects, hybrid micro-and nanomotors represent a promising tool for diverse biomedical and environmental applications, where the main power source comes from their natural environment. [11] As shown in Figure 1, in this review we classify micro-and nanoparticle micromotors in two main categories: synthetic and biohybrids. The synthetic micromotors are then divided according to their propulsion mechanism, as follows: those propelled by a catalytic reaction, by optical stimuli, under magnetic fields, with ultrasound steering, electricity, and thermophoresis, respectively. Likewise, the biohybrids are classified as those propelled by bacteria and those employing enzymes as main energy source, respectively. Additionally, we point out the different methods that have been proposed during the last decade to guide the particles and the related collective behavior. We also discuss the potential applications and remaining challenges in the final section of the review. Synthetic Micro/Nanoparticle MotorsThe development of the first sphere-like synthetic micro-and nanomachines with their rotationally symmetric shape was particularly challenging. As per se, they contradict the first rule in the design of microscale devices aiming to perform an effective motility in response to specific energy input: they must present asymmetry. Such symmetry breaking can be associated with shape or the distribution of a certain reactive The growing interest in the design and fabrication of novel autonomous micro-and nanoparticles is motivated by the vast advances in their motion efficiency and their further implementation in both biomedical and environmental fields. The present review covers the motion principle and fabrication procedures of synthetic and hybrid particle-like micromotors reported to date to give a comprehensive view of the key design parameters and different approaches...

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“…Altering trajectories with positive DEP has been used to guide the direction of micromotor motion that is moving by self‐electroosmotic effects . This was illustrated in Au/Pt Janus particles that have been capped with gold and platinum layers, before immersion in hydrogen peroxide solutions.…”

Section: Control Of Nano/microrobot Motion Through Electrochemistry Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano/Microrobots Meet Electrochemistry

Moo

Mayorga‐Martinez

Hong

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

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1 of 26) 1604759 the flow of electrons in such a "fuel cell", leading to self-electrophoretic motion. In the same frame, electrochemical techniques such as electrodeposition, offers a precise and low cost option for the fabrication of these multi-component microand nanostructured objects. Additionally, electrochemistry and electric fields can be used for controlling the motion of these nano/micro or macrorobots. These selfpropelling nano-and microrobots can enhance electrochemical sensing, which in turn can be used to detect motion of the robots. Furthermore, the microrobots themselves can be utilized as active parts of electrochemical and electrical energy generation devices. While a general coverage of the fabrication of nano/micromotors has been accomplished, [2,15,16] an in-depth discussion of the central role of electrochemistry from the electrosynthesis of these nano/microdevices, electrochemical principles behind their operations, to the application stage is found wanting. The flow of electrons vis-à-vis the locomotion of nano/microparticles is an integral component in order for movement in the miniaturized scale to occur. Here, we provide a review of this intimate relationship between electrochemistry and nano/ microrobots.In this article, we highlight the role of electrochemistry in synthesizing materials for self-powered nano/microdevices, the aspect of charge transfer and changes in electrochemical potentials for locomotion, control of self-propelled motion using electrochemistry and electric fields, possible applications in electrochemical sensing and energy generation using nano/ microscale motion. The arrangement of the review is built from a bottom-up approach. Namely, they will be divided into: (i) Fabrication of nano/microrobot by electrochemical methods, (ii) Electrochemically powered nano/microrobots based on self-electrophoresis, (iii) Control of nano/microrobot motion through electrochemistry and electric fields and (iv) Applications of nano/microrobots in electrochemical sensing, mixing and energy generation. Fabrication of Nano/Microrobot by Electrochemical MethodsThe electrochemical methods represent a versatile way for producing nano/microscale robots using simple experimental procedures, low-cost equipment and reagents, while being easy Artificial autonomous self-propelled nano and microrobots are an important part of contemporary technology. They are typically self-powered, taking chemical energy from their environment and converting it to motion. They can move in complex environments and channels, deliver cargo, perform nanosurgery, act as chemotaxis and perform sense-and-act actions. The electrochemistry is closely interwoven within this field. In the case of self-electrophoretically driven nano/microrobots, electrochemical mechanism has been the basis of power, which translates chemical energy to motion. Electrochemistry is also a major tool for the fabrication of these micro and nanodevices. Electrochemistry and electric fields can be used for the directing of nanorobots and for det...

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Trajectory Control of Self-Propelled Micromotors Using AC Electrokinetics

Abstract: 3D control of the motion of self-powered micromotors is demonstrated using AC electrokinetics by applying an AC electric field on indium tin oxide transparent electrodes.

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Hybrid Nanovehicles: One Machine, Two Engines

Hybrid Nanovehicles: One Machine, Two Engines

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

Nano/Microrobots Meet Electrochemistry

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