Trajectory Estimation of Moving Target in the Medium with a Strong Scattering

Acoustical Imaging in Heterogeneous Environments

“…Later developing this idea, he proposed a method of beamforming of flexible towed array which shape could randomly vary, but measuring of the shape was not necessary. Another methods of acoustical imaging in heterogeneous and scattering medium, based on the methods of nonlinear phase speckle interferometry has been proposed and developed in [37][38][39][40][41][42][43], where it was shown that it is possible to uniquely recover the trajectory of a sound source moving in a ocean waveguide or in strongly scattering medium, and with an accuracy of the diffraction resolution of the array. In [41], this approach was applied for visualization of fluid flow through inhomogeneous layers, and in [42] the ability of acoustical imaging of extended objects, located at the inhomogeneous scattering medium was demonstrated.…”

“…The same ideology of speckle processing can be applied to the detection of the moving point sources in ocean waveguides. It is shown in [39,40,43] that in some conditions multi ray structure of acoustic field in a waveguide with vertical stratification of sound speed can be considered as speckle structure and speckle interferometry methods can be used for the detection of moving sound source in ocean channel and measuring its trajectory. It is known that rather long horizontal array can resolve vertical rays especially under big inclination angles.…”

Ultrasound Flow Imaging through Thick Skull Bones in Spaced "Transmitter & Receiver" Mode

“…According to [1]) the sequence of operations of the signal processing is the following: a) registration of complex scattered field at moment of time t = t 1 ,P(x,t) = A(x) cos(ωt +ϕ (x)); b) registration of complex scattered field at moment of time t 2 = t 1 + ∆t, P (x, t 2 )and besides ∆t ≤ Ԏ , where Ԏ - In [2] we showed that such signal processing can actually subtracts the distortions introduced by the static inhomogeneous layer under some conditions which determine the relative positions of the inhomogeneous layer, the vessel, and the receiving array. This method takes into account only the direct rays transmitted through the layer that acquire a phase shift at the i th receiver of the array Fig.…”

“…Not invasive Doppler ultrasound examination of the brain vessels, in spite of its high prevalence, is not always informative, because this procedure is arranged through the so-called "acoustic transparent windows" on skull, which are small in size and their specific location does not permit a detail imaging of blood vessels from projections that are convenient for the doctor. In our earlier works [1,2] we have described method of ultrasonic imaging of flow through heterogeneous environments, based on non-linear methods of speckle interferometry. The results of numerical simulations have shown the possibility of their application for the visualization of blood flow through a heterogeneous environment, in particular, thick skull.…”

About Holographic (Interferometric) Approach to the Primary Visual Perception

“…and reconstruct the image by this differe he phase component and the transformation itself is discussed in [41,43]. Becau as acquired by the signals in passing the inhomogeneous layer.…”