The oil and gas pipeline will have defects such as wear, cracks, corrosion, aging and mechanical damage in the working process, which need to be detected and repaired in time. At present, there are various types of robots in the field of pipeline inspection, including wheeled robots, tracked robots, PIG robots, screw driven robots, walking robots, and inchworm robots. In this paper, the specifications, design and performance of different types of in pipe inspection robots are reviewed. Finally, a summary and prospect are made to provide a theoretical basis for the design and research of robots in this field.