Trajectory Generation for Noise-Constrained Autonomous Flight Operations

Ackerman, Kasey A.; Gregory, Irene M.

doi:10.2514/6.2020-0978

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Several researchers have recently investigated using optimal control approaches to rapidly determine low noise flight trajectories for rotor and propeller driven aircraft. [232][233][234] These approaches demonstrate the feasibility of integrating acoustic awareness into vehicle flight control systems; however, it is usually necessary to use a simplified representation of the vehicle's acoustic characteristics (e.g. as an omnidirectional source with a strength varying with tip Mach number), which may be inadequate to describe the complex mapping between vehicle flight condition and radiated noise for distributed electric propulsion aircraft.…”

Section: Acoustically Aware Aircraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for low noise electric aircraft

Greenwood

Brentner

Rau

et al. 2022

International Journal of Aeroacoustics

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A new class of electric aircraft is being developed to transport people and goods as a part of the urban and regional transportation infrastructure. To gain public acceptance of these operations, these aircraft need to be much quieter than conventional airplanes and helicopters. This article seeks to review and summarize the aeroacoustic research relevant to this new category of aircraft. First, a brief review of the history of electric aircraft is provided, with an emphasis on how these aircraft differ from conventional aircraft. Next, the physics of rotor noise generation are reviewed, and the noise sources most likely to be of concern for electric aircraft are highlighted. These are divided into deterministic and nondeterministic sources of noise. Deterministic noise is expected to be dominated by the unsteady loading noise caused by the aerodynamic interactions between components. Nondeterministic noise will be generated by the interaction of the rotor or propeller blades with turbulence from ingested wakes, the atmosphere, and self-generated in the boundary layer. The literature for these noise sources is reviewed with a focus on applicability to electric aircraft. Challenges faced by the aeroacoustician in understanding the noise generation of electric aircraft are then identified, as well as the new opportunities for the prediction and reduction of electric aircraft noise that may be enabled by advances in computational aeroacoustics, flight simulation, and autonomy.

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Section: Acoustically Aware Aircraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for low noise electric aircraft

Greenwood

Brentner

Rau

et al. 2022

International Journal of Aeroacoustics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…UAM development is facing many problems, such as air traffic rules [8], noise [9], safety standards [10], and technical problems in the communication and navigation of UAVs [11]. Many of them have been addressed [12], but research on vertiport capacity and surface topology have been paid little attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity Assessment and Analysis of Vertiports Based on Simulation

Zhang,

Li,

Fei

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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City air traffic as a new transportation mode has gradually attracted attention in recent years which will bring endless vitality to future urban development. An objective and accurate assessment of the vertiport capacity for UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) is the basis for implementing air traffic flow management for UAVs, which is also a prerequisite for improving the efficiency of urban airspace resources used. Firstly, new topology designs are proposed and named as connected and compact topology designs based on the existing central airport topology design. Subsequently, three modes of operation are summarized for vertiports with multiple TLOF pads: independent operation, dependent operation, and segregated operation. In the next place, the overall traffic flow of the vertiport model is established based on AnyLogic while analyzing the logic of UAV operation in three modes as mentioned above. Eventually, according to the simulation results, the vertiport operation capacity, the UAVs delay, and surface area utilization under different operation modes and topology designs are analyzed. The simulation result shows that the overall average delay time of UAVs for independent operation mode is about 100 s less than that of segregated operation and it also shows that the utilization rate of independent operation mode under central design is as high as 54.42% while the utilization rate of TLOF pads of other design is less than 50%, and its vertiport capacity is the largest, so the independent operational mode under central configuration is the optimal combination.

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Estimating vertiport passenger throughput capacity for prominent eVTOL designs

Preis

2023

CEAS Aeronaut J

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Urban Air Mobility has the potential to substantially reduce travel times in some cases of urban-related transportation. Travel time savings strongly depend on fast processing at vertiports, which presents a key challenge considering demand levels’ vertiports would experience when becoming an established mode of transport. This article sheds light on the passenger throughput vertiport airfields can manage and how the operations are sensitive to changes. One main contribution of this article is the introduction of hourly passenger throughput per area as a performance indicator that allows to compare vertiports of different sizes. VoloCity is studied as a reference vehicle and the resulting space requirement of the carefully specified baseline scenario is 188 square-meters per passenger per hour. A total of 13 prominent eVTOL designs are included in the study from which the current design space between maximum vehicle dimension and number of seats is deducted. The study shows that vehicles with a small maximum dimension yield the highest passenger throughput capacity. CityAirbus performs best (46.3 m2/PAX/h) with a diameter of 7.92 m and Archer Maker performs worst (221 m2/PAX/h) with a diameter of 12.2 m. How the performance indicators can be used as rules-of-thumb in the first-order estimations of vertiport throughput capacity or space requirement is described by means of illustrative examples. The insights presented in this paper might be useful for researches, vehicle developers, and municipalities alike.

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Trajectory Generation for Noise-Constrained Autonomous Flight Operations

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Challenges and opportunities for low noise electric aircraft

Challenges and opportunities for low noise electric aircraft

Capacity Assessment and Analysis of Vertiports Based on Simulation

Estimating vertiport passenger throughput capacity for prominent eVTOL designs

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