Trans fats—sources, health risks and alternative approach - A review

Abstract

Trans fatty acids have the presence of one or more double bonds in the trans configuration instead of the usual cis configuration. They are desired by Vanaspati industry as they impart firmness to margarines and plasticity as well as emulsion stability to shortenings. Research has proved the direct connection of trans fatty acids with cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer, shortening of pregnancy period, risks of preeclampsia, disorders of nervous system and vision in infants, colon cancer, diabetes, obesity and allergy. In light of these new findings trans fatty intake should be zero and new technology of hydrogenation of oils is to be developed which produce zero trans fatty acids at the same time preserve the desirable properties contributed by trans fatty acids to the hydrogenated oils. Presently in India there is no system to monitor and regulate the amount of trans fats in processed foods and hence a stringent food law is immediately required.

Use of corn oil in the production of Turkish white cheese

“…Milk fat is composed of saturated fats and cholesterol to complicate the matters for health-conscious consumers and people suffering from coronary heart diseases and/or diabetes (Patel et al 2010). Many epidomiological studies have shown a positive correlation between total cholesterol (TC) level, especially low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level and cardiovascular heart disease (CHD) (Ney 1991;Dhaka et al 2011). The level of TC and LDL cholesterol in blood serum is affected by the consumption of fatty foods in the diet (Ney 1991).…”

Assessment of the Relative Level of TNF-α Gene Expression in RAW264.7 Cells

“…TFA is one of the main saturated byproducts of vegetable oils, which is produced by industrial processes (11). These fatty acids (especially elaidic acid or EA C18:1.9) cause the development and progression of atherosclerosis through change in the lipid profile, exacerbation of inflammation, inflammatory factors, and other major complications (12).…”

Mesoporous SBA-15 Silica-supported Diisopropylguanidine: an Efficient Solid Catalyst for Interesterification of Soybean Oil with Methyl Octanoate or Methyl Decanoate

“…4 , with a small amount of linolenic acid 6.2 , palmitic acid 1.4 , and stearic acid 1.1 . However, the FA moiety at sn-2 position of the produced SLs was found to be significantly changed after the catalytic interesterification reaction.…”