Trans-fatty acids, dangerous bonds for health? A background review paper of their use, consumption, health implications and regulation in France

Abstract

In this manuscript, we provide an overview about TFAs origins, their use and consumption among French population. We also discuss their potential human health implications as well as the preventive and regulatory measures undertaken in France.

Enhanced lipid isomer separation in human plasma using reversed-phase UPLC with ion-mobility/high-resolution MS detection

“…Humans only synthesize cis (Z) FAs endogenously; however, due to dietary intake, synthetic trans (E) FAs are present in the human body as well, and it is well known that they play an important role in various metabolic diseases (39)(40)(41). Therefore, it is of great interest to separate cis / trans isomers in the chromatographic method.…”

The Basic of Trans-Fatty Acids in Foods: An Update to Prevent Diseases

“…monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs) in trans (E)-Fas is made by isomerization, which could be geometric and/or positional according to a given carbon chain. [1][2][3] In the cis configuration, the two hydrogen atoms are on the same side of the carbon chain with respect to the double bond, a situation that produces a bend in the FAs, whereas in the trans configuration, the two hydrogen atoms are diagonally opposed to each other, straightening the carbon chain.…”

“…pizzas, cakes, chocolates, shortenings such margarines), decrease their oxidation sensitivity, and enhance their taste; 2,6 or (iii) extreme thermal treatments (e.g., deep-fat frying, barbecue, deodorization during oil refining), although these are considered as a minor source. 1,2 While too little information is available about the effects of natural TFAs on human health, 1,7,8 most experimental and experimental studies, albeit sometimes controversial, report that industrial TFAs are neither essential nor salubrious, and could even predispose to important pathologies, including fetal malformations, Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and other inflammatory-state diseases (e.g., cancers, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity), especially when consumed chronically or at high doses. 1,7,9 Interestingly, certain TFA isomers (e.g.…”

“…1,2 While too little information is available about the effects of natural TFAs on human health, 1,7,8 most experimental and experimental studies, albeit sometimes controversial, report that industrial TFAs are neither essential nor salubrious, and could even predispose to important pathologies, including fetal malformations, Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and other inflammatory-state diseases (e.g., cancers, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity), especially when consumed chronically or at high doses. 1,7,9 Interestingly, certain TFA isomers (e.g. Conjugated Linolenic Acids (CLAs), which are polyunsaturated FAs in mixed configuration cis/ trans) would be beneficial for health, 1,10 and so, should not be banned.…”

Envolvimento dos PPARγ nas ações metabólicas dos ácidos graxos ômega-3.

“…Além dos ácidos graxos saturados, a ingestão excessiva dos ácidos graxos trans também está associada ao desenvolvimento de processo inflamatório (CHANTAL et al, 2009;LOPEZ-GARCIA et al, 2005;MENAA et al, 2013), dislipidemia e aumento do risco de desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares (ASCHERIO et al, 1999;SUN et al, 2007).…”