Transactional Fish-for-Sex Relationships Amid Declining Fish Access in Kenya

Fiorella, Kathryn J.; Camlin, Carol S.; Salmen, Charles R.; Omondi, Ruth; Hickey, Matthew D.; Omollo, Dan; Milner, Erin M.; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Fernald, Lia C. H.; Brashares, Justin S.

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.05.015

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Since the 1990s, the quantity of fish caught from Lake Victoria has been declining (Abila, ; Pauly, Watson, & Alder, ). Food insecurity in the Lake Victoria basin is intertwined with an export‐oriented fishery, household dependence on fluctuating fish catch (Abila, ; Abila, ; Fiorella et al, ; Nagata et al, ), and complex gender dynamics within the fishery (Fiorella et al, ; Geheb et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing, intensity, and duration of household food insecurity are associated with early childhood development in Kenya

Milner

Fiorella

Mattah³

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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This study examines the association between 3 dimensions of food insecurity (timing, intensity, and duration) and 3 domains of child development (gross motor, communication, and personal social). Longitudinal data from 303 households (n = 309 children) visited 9 times over 2 years were collected. Children in households experiencing severe food insecurity 3 months prior (timing) had significantly lower gross motor (β -0.14; 95% CI [0.27, -0.0033]; p = .045), communication (β -0.16; 95% CI [-0.30, -0.023]; p = .023), and personal social (β -0.20; 95% CI [-0.33, -0.073]; p = .002) Z-scores, using lagged longitudinal linear models controlling for current food insecurity; these results were attenuated in full models, which included maternal education, household asset index, and child anthropometry. Children in households that experienced greater aggregate food insecurity over the past 2 years (intensity) had significantly lower gross motor (β -0.047; 95% CI [-0.077, -0.018]; p = .002), communication (β -0.042; 95% CI [-0.076, -0.0073]; p = .018), and personal social (β -0.042; 95% CI [-0.074, -0.010]; p = .010) Z-scores; these results were also attenuated in full models. Children with more time exposed to food insecurity (duration) had significantly lower gross motor (β -0.050; 95% CI [-0.087, -0.012]; p = .010), communication (β -0.042; 95% CI [-0.086, 0.0013]; p = .057), and personal social (β -0.037; 95% CI [-0.077, 0.0039]; p = .076) Z-scores; these results were no longer significant in full models. Our findings suggest that acute and chronic food insecurity and child development are related, but that many associations are attenuated with the inclusion of relevant covariates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing, intensity, and duration of household food insecurity are associated with early childhood development in Kenya

Milner

Fiorella

Mattah³

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

Self Cite

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“…As a consequence more fishers -almost exclusively male -are seeking more, and ever smaller fish, and are travelling further to do so (Kayombo & Jorgensen, 2010;Mojola, 2011). Women are largely excluded from fishing and trading within the mainstream Nile perch economy (Lwenya & Yongo, 2012;Mojola, 2011) and rely on purchasing reject Nile perch and dagaa/ omena (Rastrineobola argentea), a small sardine-like fish fished largely at night, for their livelihoods and family nutrition (Fiorella et al, 2015).…”

Section: Case Study 3 N Loading and Gendered Health Outcomes In Lakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increasing body of research (Béné & Merten, 2008;Fiorella et al, 2015;Mojola, 2011) is positing causal links between the changing ecological environment of Lake Victoria due to eutrophication, the gendered nature of the fish economy and human health.…”

Section: Case Study 3 N Loading and Gendered Health Outcomes In Lakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, among fishing communities in Uganda HIV prevalence is three times higher than in the general population (Opio, Muyonga, & Mulumba, 2013). The disrupted lake and fish ecology is contributing directly to the 'fish for sex' economy whereby many women traders who purchase, process and retail fish (and are thus critical actors in the sector) acquire favoured access to fish through engaging in transactional sex, known as jaboya (Béné & Merten, 2008;Fiorella et al, 2015;Mojola, 2011). Female traders are travelling ever further between beaches and trading centres across the region to procure, process, transport and sell fish in markets for local consumption (Camlin, Kwena, & Dworkin, 2013).…”

Section: Case Study 3 N Loading and Gendered Health Outcomes In Lakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender and inorganic nitrogen: what are the implications of moving towards a more balanced use of nitrogen fertilizer in the tropics?

Farnworth¹,

Sapkota

Jat

et al. 2017

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability

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For agriculture to play a role in climate change mitigation strategies to reduce emissions from inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer through a more balanced and efficient use are necessary. Such strategies should align with the overarching principle of sustainable intensification and will need to consider the economic, environmental and social trade-offs of reduced fertilizer-related emissions. However, the gender equity dimensions of such strategies are rarely considered. The case studies cited in this paper, from India, Lake Victoria in East Africa and more broadly from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), show that the negative externalities of imbalanced inorganic N use in high-and low-use scenarios impact more strongly on women and children. We examine, through a literature review of recent work in SSA, the relative jointness of intra-household bargaining processes in low N use scenarios to assess the degree to which they impact upon N use. We suggest that genderequitable strategies for achieving more balanced use of N will increase the likelihood of attaining macro-level reductions in GHG emissions provided that they secure equity in intra-household decision-making and address food security. Gender-equitable N use efficiency strategies will help to integrate and assure gender and social equity co-benefits at local scales.

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“…Despite stigma surrounding these practices, 8 declines in the fish population in Lake Victoria continue to foster fish-for-sex relationships, reducing relationship durations and women’s bargaining power. 13 The social climate, in addition to the economic context, also matters; the rural Ugandan lakeshore communities have been described as an urban culture with heavy alcohol consumption and venue-based commercial sex work. 11,14 The non-kin ties and an associated lack of social monitoring of people who circulate through the beach communities also facilitate higher risk sexual behaviour in these settings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%