Transaxillary Muscle-Splitting Breast Augmentation: Experience with 160 Cases

Stümpfle, Rubem Lang; Pereira-Lima, Luiz; Valiati, André Alves; Mazzini, Guilherme S.

doi:10.1007/s00266-011-9830-9

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We found several studies describing BAD that were not included. These studies were excluded for the following three reasons: no clear definition of BAD 2 5 11 14 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 , revision surgery 3 15 16 28 29 30 , and the absence of data regarding BAD in the results section 18 . The selection process is presented in the PRISMA flowchart in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast animation deformity

et al. 2019

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Breast animation deformity (BAD) has been reported to occur after submuscular implant placement following breast augmentation and immediate breast reconstruction. Despite its apparent impact on patients’ quality of life, BAD has only recently become a topic of general concern. Its incidence and etiology have yet to be established. The aim of this systematic review was to identify papers that clearly defined and classified BAD and described how the degree of animation was assessed. We performed a search in PubMed and Embase. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria that described BAD after implant-based breast augmentation or immediate breast reconstruction were included. After screening 866 publications, four studies were included: three describing BAD after breast augmentation and one describing BAD after immediate breast reconstruction. The median percentage of patients with some degree of BAD was 58%. The highest percentages were found in patients operated on using the Regnault technique or the dual-plane technique (73%–78%). The lowest percentages were found following the dual-plane muscle-splitting technique (30%) and the triple-plane technique (33%). We found no studies meeting the inclusion criteria that analyzed BAD after prepectoral implant placement. This review of the current literature suggests that the degree of BAD is proportional to the degree of muscle involvement. Evidence is scarce, and the phenomenon seems to be underreported. Future comparative studies are warranted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast animation deformity

et al. 2019

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“…Baxter reported the split-muscle technique [8], and Khan [11,12] and Lang Stümpfle et al [13] presented large numbers of patients with good results and no significant displacement problems using the muscle splitting biplane breast augmentation. Using muscle splitting breast augmentation, the pocket is simultaneously in the subglandular and submuscular planes, the implant is lying behind and in front of the pectoralis muscle at the same time, and there is no pectoralis muscle division along the ribs margin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Versatility of muscle splitting biplane technique associated with internal mastopexy in breast hypoplasia, ptosis, and asymmetry

Siclovan

2014

Eur J Plast Surg

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Background Breast augmentation is one of the most highly sought after aesthetic surgeries. For the best outcome, a wide variety of factors such as approach, pocket plane, tissue, and breast characteristics (including asymmetry and ptosis) must be assessed along with the patient's needs. For patients requiring correction of minor ptosis and breast asymmetry, the current technique involves incisions on the breast, but often the patients are dissatisfied with the visible scars so there is a need for procedures involving less scarring. Methods Since 2010, 200 patients with breast hypoplasia have undergone muscle splitting biplane breast augmentation; 32 patients with breast hypoplasia combined either with asymmetry or/and minor ptosis have undergone a technique combining muscle splitting biplane breast augmentation with internal suture mastopexy; 12 patients with dynamic breast following partial submuscular breast augmentation have undergone replacement of the implants using the muscle splitting biplane technique. Results Satisfactory long-term outcomes were obtained by using muscle splitting breast augmentation, with or without internal suture mastopexy, with more accurate control of the breast's natural shape, symmetry, and inframammary fold positions as well as proper cleavage and nipple projection. In this way, a smooth transition between the soft tissue and implant in the breast's upper pole was possible, and more tissue was available to cover the implant's upper pole. Nipple sensitivity was preserved with no visible scars on the breast. ConclusionsThe muscle splitting biplane breast augmentation offers improved long-term aesthetic outcomes; is extremely versatile, fast, and easy; and may also be used in patients requiring removal and replacement of breast implants. In combination with the internal mastopexy, this technique is an effective alternative in selected patients requiring correction of breast asymmetry and minor ptosis. Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study

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“…The three most commonly‐used pockets for breast implants are the subglandular, subfascial, and submuscular (Handel et al, ; Lang Stumpfle et al, ). When a surgeon uses only one pocket location for all breast augmentations, there are likely to be compromises, complications, or less‐optimal results, since a single pocket location does not completely cover the wide range of anatomical variations and implant soft‐tissue dynamics observed over all breast types (Tebbetts, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positional relationship between the pectoralis major and external abdominal oblique muscles for consideration during dual‐plane breast augmentation

et al. 2018

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During dual plane breast augmentation (DPBA), the costal origin of the pectoralis major (the PM) should be cut to ensure appropriate coverage and positioning of an implant. However, surgeons sometimes make inappropriate planar incisions and insufficient muscular incisions because the external abdominal oblique (the EAO) muscle partially overlaps the lateral portion of the PM. The goal of this study was to clarify the positional relationship between the PM and EAO with the aim of improving the accuracy of implant and muscular incisions during DPBA. Forty sides of 20 embalmed and fresh cadavers were dissected. The midline and midclavicular line (MCL) were used as reference lines for measurements. We clarified the overlapping patterns between the PM and EAO, and measured the distances from the MCL to the borders of those two muscles. The costal part of the PM originated from the 5th (25%), 6th (70%), or 7th rib (5%), respectively. The distances from the MCL to the lateral border of the PM at the 4th, 5th, and 6th ribs were 49.8 mm, 30.5 mm, and 6.3 mm, respectively. In 90% of the specimens, the PM and the EAO overlapped near the MCL. The width of the overlapping portion between the PM and EAO was about 25 mm. This study is one of the first to suggest an innovative approach for explaining the positional relationships between the PM and EAO. Our findings can be useful for surgeons attempting to produce optimal outcomes in DPBA, especially in procedures that involve patients of different races. Clin. Anat. 31:339-346, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Transaxillary Muscle-Splitting Breast Augmentation: Experience with 160 Cases

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Breast animation deformity

Breast animation deformity

Versatility of muscle splitting biplane technique associated with internal mastopexy in breast hypoplasia, ptosis, and asymmetry

Positional relationship between the pectoralis major and external abdominal oblique muscles for consideration during dual‐plane breast augmentation

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