Transborder Nation-Building and Diaspora Identities

Pogonyi, Szabolcs

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52467-2_5

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…New policies have moved from simply expressing solidarity and providing economic and cultural support to promoting closer incorporation of ethnic Hungarians into the nation. This led the state, in 2011, to extend to them citizenship and voting rights in Hungary’s parliamentary elections (Pogonyi 2017). 6 Since 2010, the government has significantly intensified “the attempt to institutionalize a Hungarian nation which transcends state boundaries and includes not just the citizens of Hungary-proper, but all the ethnic Hungarian minorities living on the territory of the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy” (Pap 2013: 25).…”

Section: Heritage Tourism Nation-building and Public Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Class Trips beyond Borders: Reimagining the Nation through State-Sponsored Heritage Tourism

Molnár

2023

Comp Stud Soc Hist

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The article explores how cross-border heritage tourism is promoted in public schools to reimagine Hungary as an ethnically homogeneous nation by incorporating ethnic kin communities that live in neighboring countries. Cross-border heritage tourism has long served to establish strong ties to ethnic diaspora communities that live beyond the territorial borders of the nation-state. National borders in Central and Eastern Europe were repeatedly redrawn across ethnic groups over the twentieth century. Heritage tourism remains a key cultural and economic practice that symbolically questions current national borders and aims to increase the viability of ethnic enclave economies in countries where the given ethnic group is a minority. The article focuses on a large-scale student travel program that was launched by the Hungarian government in 2010, the year that marked the start of a brisk populist turn in Hungarian politics. The program provides funding to public school students for organized class trips to areas of neighboring countries (Romania, Slovakia, Serbia, Croatia, and Ukraine) that belonged to the Hungarian state before World War I. It shows how the Hungarian government mobilizes the public education system to foster a narrow and exclusionary ethnic understanding of cultural membership by selectively overemphasizing Hungarian heritage in regions that have had multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multicultural histories for centuries. This project extends research on identity-based heritage tourism to show how it has become an integral part of the propaganda toolkit of populist governments.

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Section: Heritage Tourism Nation-building and Public Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Class Trips beyond Borders: Reimagining the Nation through State-Sponsored Heritage Tourism

Molnár

2023

Comp Stud Soc Hist

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“…Fears associated with emigration-related phenomena such as depopulation and brain drain (Markova 2010) are, in this case, connected to separatism and imagined challenges with maintaining the physical national border. Such reactions can be connected to nation-building in post-communist Eastern Europe, where national core groups highly coincide with statehood and national sovereignty (Pogonyi 2017). As a consequence, Bulgarian Turks, who were excluded from the core nation, have been constructed as a national enemy (Elchinova 2005, 95).…”

Section: “Most People Leave Bulgaria”: Spatial Boundaries Between New...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundaries and Belonging Among Settled Minorities and Refugees in Bulgaria

Carlsson

2022

Nationalities Papers

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The importance of settled minorities for facilitating refugee belonging is seldom discussed in research on refugee integration. Drawing on scholarship on belonging, boundary-making, and bordering, this study investigates how boundaries are drawn between settled minorities and refugees in Bulgaria. Based on interviews with integration workers and organizations of settled minorities in a state with the largest historically present Muslim minority in the EU, an Arabic-speaking diaspora settled decades ago, and with minimal state involvement in refugee integration, the study shows how spatial, linguistic, and religious boundaries separate settled minorities from newly arrived refugees. Arabic-speaking diasporas are nevertheless witnessed to overcome the boundaries through geographical proximity, a shared language, and shared countries of origin, whereby they have functioned as facilitators of refugee belonging and inclusion. Furthermore, Muslim institutions led by Bulgarian Turks have functioned as spaces for refugee belonging. The study finds that settled minority communities have, despite multiple boundaries and some assimilatory discourses, contributed to refugee belonging in ways that in part has compensated for the state absence. The study calls for further research investigating the role of settled minorities in inclusionary processes in society.

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Transborder Nation-Building and Diaspora Identities

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Class Trips beyond Borders: Reimagining the Nation through State-Sponsored Heritage Tourism

Class Trips beyond Borders: Reimagining the Nation through State-Sponsored Heritage Tourism

Boundaries and Belonging Among Settled Minorities and Refugees in Bulgaria

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