Transboundary Animal Diseases in Pakistan

Zahur, Aamer Bin; Irshad, Hamid; Hussain, Manzoor; Anjum, Rehana; Khan, M. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.01015.x

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, the recent study 'Epidemiology of PPR in Pakistan' conducted by FAO has shown that it is prevalent in all four provinces of Pakistan. Of 1463 serum samples collected, (goat 1144 and sheep 319) from 25 villages having the history of PPR outbreak, 839 goats (78.05%) and 203 (63.03%) sheep samples were found positive by cELISA (Zahur et al 2006). In Government Livestock Farms, the small ruminants are maintained in remote grazing areas where these animals may have contact with infected (wild?)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative efficacy of standard AGID and precipitinogen inhibition test with monoclonal antibodies based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats

Munir

Siddique

Ali³

2008

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This project was conducted to investigate the comparative efficiency of competitive ELISA (cELISA), standard Agar Gel Immunodiffusion Test (AGID) and Precipitinogen Inhibition Test (PIT) for the diagnosis of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Pakistan. To deal with this, serum samples from 198 sheep and 82 goats were collected from three different government livestock farms and all the samples were run simultaneously with the three serological tests. The samples found positive for PPR antibodies through cELISA, AGID and PIT were 96 (34.2%), 60 (21.4%) and 72 (25.7%), respectively. Kappa statistics were applied to evaluate the concordance between the laboratory-based test (cELISA) and field-based tests (AGID and PIT). Kappa statistics scores for cELISA versus AGID and PIT were 0.6343 (95% Confidence Interval CI 0.5231-0.7456) and 0.7134 (95% Confidence Interval CI 0.5987-0.8281), respectively, which indicate a "substantial" agreement between cELISA and AGID and "significant" agreement between cELISA and PIT. AGID and PIT revealed relative diagnostic sensitivities with cELISA of 59.3% and 69.7% and relative diagnostic specificities of 98.3% and 97.2%, respectively. The data suggested that for mass screening and control of PPR, these serological tests proved practical in the absence of cELISA since they have high relative diagnostic specificities and a satisfactory relative diagnostic sensitivities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative efficacy of standard AGID and precipitinogen inhibition test with monoclonal antibodies based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats

Munir

Siddique

Ali³

2008

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…In their presentation, Zahur et al (2006) from the Animal Health Laboratories, Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, reported that three serotypes of the disease, i.e. A, O and Asia 1 are prevailing in the country; serotype C was isolated only once in 1960.…”

Section: Foot and Mouth Diseasementioning

confidence: 97%

“…These data revealed that a total of 526 suspected outbreaks of PPR occurred during the period between July, 2002 and June, 2005. In these outbreaks, 8321 goats and sheep were affected out of which 4629 died with the case fatality rate of 55.63% (Zahur et al, 2006).…”

Section: Animal Transboundary Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Transboundary Diseases: European Union and Asian Network of Veterinary Research Cooperation for Quality Livestock Production

Ahmed

Alp

Aksin

et al. 2006

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) constitute a global threat that afflict livestock. They are characterized by the suddenness, acuteness, the rapidity with which they can spread in susceptible livestock populations and the widespread nature of the losses that they can produce. The havoc they play renders individual farmers and private veterinary services relatively powerless to take effective action. As TADs do not recognize national borders, there is a great demand for regional cooperation which must be put into a global term. From the epidemiological point of view, the prospects for eradication of a disease with minimal production losses and other costs are best, if the disease can be recognized early where it is localized and then a disease control programme be quickly implemented.

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“…Similarly the survey conducted by Khan (2010) does not mention the isolation of the causative agent of CCPP in Pakistan and the study was a more generalised survey mainly based on signs and symptoms of livestock diseases. Nothing has been mentioned regarding CCPP in the articles of Zahur et al (2006) and Afzal (2010), published in the Pakistan Veterinary Journal which has been wrongly cited in a literature review as a report on CCPP. Hussain et al (2012) isolated Mycoplasma mycoides from sick goats showing respiratory symptoms with 9.17% mortality and the respiratory disease was given the name CCPP; this does not comply with the classical definition of CCPP.…”

Section: The Term Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia Is Erroneously Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and its current picture in Pakistan: a review

Samiullah¹

2013

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) which belongs to the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, a group of five closely related Mycoplasmas, pathogenic to ruminants. The true lesions of CCPP are restricted to the alveolar tissues of infected goats, which distinguish it from other respiratory diseases of small ruminants caused by members of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. The typical signs of CCPP are an accumulation of pleural fluid, unilateral hepatisation, adhesions, pleurisy and pleuropneumonia which clearly differentiate it from "MAKePS" syndrome caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc). The available literature on CCPP shows that so far in Pakistan, the true causative agent (Mccp) of this disease has only been isolated in the Pashin District of Balochistan and that the disease is more frequently confused with other respiratory diseases of goat caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. The lack of suitable techniques and extensive knowledge in the field is a big limitation for the isolation and characterisation of Mccp from prevailing CCPP-like cases in the goat population of Pakistan.

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Transboundary Animal Diseases in Pakistan

Cited by 28 publications

References 5 publications

Comparative efficacy of standard AGID and precipitinogen inhibition test with monoclonal antibodies based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats

Comparative efficacy of standard AGID and precipitinogen inhibition test with monoclonal antibodies based competitive ELISA for the serology of Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats

Animal Transboundary Diseases: European Union and Asian Network of Veterinary Research Cooperation for Quality Livestock Production

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and its current picture in Pakistan: a review

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