Transboundary Virtual Water and Water Footprint for Some Crops in Egypt

Water is essential for live, freshwater supplies around the world are under significant pressure because of increasing consumption and pollution. Egypt suffers from water scarcity due to the increase in the population and the lack of integrated management of water resources, resulting in a gap between the available water resources and the required water consumption. Many studies were done to improve irrigated agriculture's efficiency on water consumption and crop yields for saving water in irrigated agriculture to achieve water management sustainability. Therefore, the aim of this work is reviewing of the previous studies of crop water footprint accounting as a diagnostic tool to identify the hotspots of irrigated agricultural systems Water footprint as one of the tools of integrated water management. The water footprint (WF), which is an indicator that includes both direct and indirect water use, is a metric for determining how much freshwater a product consumes during its life cycle. It helps in providing water quantities to obtain the highest water efficiency to obtain the highest return of one cubic meter of water. And, it also helps to improve the strategies of sustainable agricultural and the structure of international trade. Water footprint necessitates the need to integrate water resources management policies agricultural and trade policies to feed in a comprehensive country water accounting system.

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“…Besides, the projected high temperature would increase the local water demands especially on the agricultural sector [10].…”

Section: Egyptian Journal Of Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under Egyptian conditions (Khalil, et al [10], introduced an overview of the water footprint of rice, wheat and maize (m 3 /ton) in the different sections of the Egypt over different years. As shown in fig.…”

Section: Water Footprint Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Footprint as a Tool of Water Resources Management – Review

et al. 2021

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“…This is because they have a smaller footprint and are more cost effective. They recommended stopping the import of wheat and maize, increasing their yield to cover any deficit, and expanding the planted area in Lower Egypt [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition Analysis of Virtual Water Outflows for Major Egyptian Exporting Crops to the European Union

2023

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International trade can spur economic growth, but it can also deplete the water resources needed to produce traded goods. This is crucial for Egypt as a lower-middle income country where boosting agricultural exports is encouraged to promote the sustainable agriculture development strategy. The objective of this paper was to quantify Egypt’s virtual water flows contributing to agricultural trade with one of its main trading partners, the European Union. We considered calculating virtual water of exports since 2001 as it represents Egypt-EU’s implementation of the association agreement. We focused on the five governorates of the Nile Delta. These governorates are major producers of the five major crops exported to the European Union. This study used long-term trade trends, and changes in crop composition to analyze the implications for virtual water outflows and economic water use efficiency. By decomposing the virtual water of exports, we were able to identify the trend of virtual water outflows and the factors affecting this trend. From both an economic and water perspective, our results suggest that adopting a policy aimed at saving water resources at the national level and focusing on high-yield exports at the international level will promote the development agenda of Egypt.

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Transboundary Virtual Water and Water Footprint for Some Crops in Egypt

Cited by 2 publications

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Water Footprint as a Tool of Water Resources Management – Review

Water Footprint as a Tool of Water Resources Management – Review

Decomposition Analysis of Virtual Water Outflows for Major Egyptian Exporting Crops to the European Union

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