Transbronchial laser ablation of benign and malignant tumors

Abstract

An overview is given over different methods for thermal ablation in central airways. The most widely used method, endoscopic laser photocoagulation (Nd:YAG laser) is described in some detail. Other methods are electrocautery, argon plasma coagulation, photodynamic treatment and cryotherapy. Thermal ablation is usually a palliative treatment, but is sometimes performed with a curative intent. Such treatment should be performed in specialized centres for interventional bronchoscopy, with a broad range of methods available.

Diode laser ablation of a tracheal osteochondroma in a dog

“…Furthermore, heat-related complications, such as delayed healing, increased scar formation or temporary oedema might exacerbate airway stenosis. Finally, the use of flammable materials in an atmosphere of high oxygen concentration makes airway fire a feared complication (Sullins 2002, Hansen & Sundset 2006, Du Rand et al 2011, De Lorenzi et al 2015. In veterinary medicine, diode laser therapy has recently been reported for the treatment of canine epiglottis chondrosarcoma (De Lorenzi et al 2015 ); to our knowledge there are no previous reports concerning tracheal tumour management.…”

Treatment of central type lung cancer by combined cryotherapy: Experiences of 47 patients

“…For endotracheal CTLC, many thermal ablation approaches have been developed to relieve the distressing breathlessness, cough and obstructive pneumonia and improve respiratory function and performance status, including photodynamic therapy [7,26], brachytherapy [20,21], laser therapy [6], airway stenting [22] and endobronchial cryosurgery [15]. Among patients with extratracheal CTLC, only a minority are candidates for surgery [12,16,30], and chemotherapy and external beam radiation therapy have not greatly affected patient outcomes [5,23].…”

Implantation of Metallic Stent Under Direct Visualization of Flexible Bronchoscope Without Fluoroscopic Guidance on Orotracheal Intubated Patients

“…The etiology contains malignant tumors and benign diseases [12][13] . Procedures of pulmonary intervention, including ablation of argon [14] , laser resection [15] , and stent implantation, are used to treat malignant airway stenosis.…”