Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Based Metaplasticity Protocols in Working Memory

Carvalho, Sandra; Boggio, Paulo S.; Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Vigário, Ana Rita; Faria, Marisa Joana Marques; Silva, Soraia; Rêgo, Gabriel Gaudencio; Fregni, Felipe; Leite, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2014.11.011

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thus it is possible that unihemispheric tDCS was able to increase these outputs to subcortical regions, which in turn led to slower, but more accurate responses. These tDCS effects on accuracy but not response time have already been showed in the past (Bolognini et al, 2010; Carvalho et al, 2015; Fregni et al, 2005; Zaehle et al, 2011). Accuracy increase has been thought to represent a top down control mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…This suggests that the effects of unihemispheric tDCS on proactive control were task specific. This specificity of tDCS has been shown extensively in the literature, and is thought to be dependent on the activated network, the extension of its activation, its resting state, or the level of cognitive demands (Carvalho et al, 2015; Ehlis et al, 2016; Gill et al, 2015; Hsu et al, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The differential effects of unihemispheric and bihemispheric tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus on proactive control

Leite

Gonçalves

Pereira

et al. 2018

Neuroscience Research

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This study examined the effects of bihemispheric and unihemispheric transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) over the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) on proactive control. Sixteen participants were randomized to receive (i) bihemispheric tDCS, with a 35 cm2 anodal electrode of the right IFG and a 35 cm2 cathode electrode of left IFG or (ii) unihemispheric tDCS, with a 35 cm2 anodal electrode of the right IFG and a 100 cm2 electrode of the left IFG or (iii) sham tDCS, while performing a prepotent inhibition task. There were significant speed-accuracy tradeoff effects in terms of switch costs: unihemispheric tDCS significantly decreased the accuracy when compared to bihemispheric, and sham tDCS, while increased response time when comparing to bihemispheric and sham tDCS. The computational model showed a symmetrical field intensity for the bihemispheric tDCS montage, and an asymmetrical for the unihemispheric tDCS montage. This study confirms that unihemispheric tDCS over the rIFG has a significant impact on response inhibition. The lack of results of bihemispheric tDCS brings two important findings for this study: (i) left IFG seems to be also critically associated with inhibitory response control, and (ii) these results highlight the importance of considering the dual effects of tDCS when choosing the electrode montage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The differential effects of unihemispheric and bihemispheric tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus on proactive control

Leite

Gonçalves

Pereira

et al. 2018

Neuroscience Research

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“…This highlights that caution is required when interpreting cognitive findings. Also, little is known about the additive effects of tDCS and cognitive tasks (Andrews et al 2011; Miniussi et al 2013; Carvalho et al 2014). Thus, further studies are needed to explicitly compare the effects of cognitive assessment during and after stimulation.…”

Section: Monitoring Functional Effects Of Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, further studies are needed to explicitly compare the effects of cognitive assessment during and after stimulation. Finally, cognitive tDCS protocols should consider the possibility that differences in polarity, current intensity, electrode size, time of stimulation and volunteer group lead to different modulatory effects (Boggio et al 2006; Jacobson et al 2012; Kuo and Nitsche 2012; Carvalho et al 2014). For example, a positive effect on working memory in healthy young participants can be obtained with 1mA tDCS (Fregni et al 2005) whereas the same effect is only observed with 2mA stimulation in patients with Parkinson’s disease (Boggio et al 2006).…”

Section: Monitoring Functional Effects Of Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools

Woods

Antal

Bikson

et al. 2016

Clinical Neurophysiology

1,112

842

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Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS, tACS) are non-invasive brain stimulation techniques increasingly used for modulation of central nervous system excitability in humans. Here we address methodological issues required for tES application. This review covers technical aspects of tES, as well as applications like exploration of brain physiology, modelling approaches, tES in cognitive neurosciences, and interventional approaches. It aims to help the reader to appropriately design and conduct studies involving these brain stimulation techniques, understand limitations and avoid shortcomings, which might hamper the scientific rigor and potential applications in the clinical domain.

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“…What appears to be critical to induce meta-plasticity with tDCS is to initiate the second round of stimulation during the after-effects of the first, a window of time which typically lasts up to an hour after stimulation (Nitsche et al 2003). Behaviorally, meta-plastic protocols have also accentuated or prolonged effects on both motor learning (Bastani and Jaberzadeh 2014;Christova et al 2015) and WM (Carvalho et al 2015). In all these cases, it appears that inter-session breaks of approximately 20-30 min produce stronger effects than much shorter (3-5 min) or much longer (3-24 h) breaks, suggesting the existence of a non-linear optimum.…”

Section: Spacing Of Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Protocols to Promote Long-Term Learning

Karsten

Buschkuehl

et al. 2017

J Cogn Enhanc

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that has the potential to induce polarity-specific changes in neural activity within targeted brain regions. There is growing interest in the use of this technology for the enhancement of higher cognitive functions, and application of tDCS directly before or concomitant with task performance has shown promise in modulating a range of behavioral outcomes, including motor skill acquisition, working memory performance, and implicit and explicit learning. The proposed mechanism for the observed enhancements is a temporary and targeted shift in the excitability of the cortical regions that subserve the relevant tasks, lasting from minutes up to about an hour after cessation of stimulation. Although empirical work does support at least a partial role for this mechanism, an arguably more potent but relatively underexplored phenomenon is thought to occur in the hours or days after stimulation-that is, a facilitation of consolidative processes. Here, we review the literature describing the nature of tDCS-enhanced consolidation and argue that some of the mixed results among the single-session studies that currently dominate the extant literature may be explained by a failure to take advantage of these potentially powerful offline effects. Accordingly, we further contend that the full potential of tDCS cannot be truly realized without a longitudinal design which allows for tDCS to act directly upon learning by promoting consolidation between sessions. Finally, we review preliminary evidence that these consolidation effects can be even further enhanced via strategically spaced out stimulation sessions, which take advantage of a long-held tenet in the literature that distributed learning produces better outcomes than massed learning. We conclude by proposing potential study designs to encourage the use of tDCS as more than merely a method to promote temporary enhancement, but also a technique to enhance long-term learning.

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Based Metaplasticity Protocols in Working Memory

Abstract: These results suggest that the polarity effects of tDCS on working memory are dependent on the previous level of activity of the recruited neural population.

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

The differential effects of unihemispheric and bihemispheric tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus on proactive control

The differential effects of unihemispheric and bihemispheric tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus on proactive control

A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools

Optimizing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Protocols to Promote Long-Term Learning

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