Transcranial Doppler Embolus Detection: A Primer

Chung, Emma

doi:10.1179/174313406x150122

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The detection of microemboli is based on the measurement of the backscatter from the emboli and the backscatter from the normal blood flow [16]. The difference between these backscatters (embolus-to-blood ratio) enables emboli detection [17].…”

Section: Contrast Transcranial Doppler Ultrasoundbubble Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical emboli: Clinical importance of transcranial doppler for detection of patent foramen ovale

et al. 2010

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A patent foramen ovale has been reported to be more frequently detected in cryptogenic stroke, with paradoxical embolism as the major pathogenetic mechanism. The standard procedure for the detection of a patent foramen ovale is transesophageal echocardiography. Transcranial Doppler sonography with bubble test is almost as reliable as transesophageal echocardiography. Seventeen patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks hospitalized at the Department of Neurology in Novi Sad underwent examinations to detect a patent foramen ovale, which was found in 55.6% of patients with cryptogenic stroke. The average age of these patients was 30.6 years. Transcranial Doppler sonography showed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for the prediction of right-to-left shunts proven by transesophageal contrast echocardiography. Both positive and negative predictive values in our group of patients were 1. Transcranial Doppler with bubble test is a reliable method for the detection of a patent foramen ovale, with a high level of sensitivity and specificity which is comparable with transesophageal echocardiography. Moreover, it is cheaper and more comfortable than transesophageal echocardiography, and should be used routinely in neurological practice.

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Section: Contrast Transcranial Doppler Ultrasoundbubble Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical emboli: Clinical importance of transcranial doppler for detection of patent foramen ovale

et al. 2010

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“…Tissue-level disturbance of Doppler sample volume shape and unpredictable geometric relationship between the sample volume and the artery also contribute (6). These all result in a significant variation of the measured frequency of MES (5). This feature is named as "frequency modulation".…”

Section: Theory and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lord Rayleigh found that the intensity of scattering was proportional to "d6xf4 " (5). In this case, each interface point acts as a new separate sound source, and reflects the sound to all possible directions [ Figure 1b].…”

Section: Theory and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurosonology of emboli detection and monitoring

Topçuoğlu¹,

Arsava²

2012

Türk Beyin Damar Hast Derg

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Cerebral embolism is the leading cause of ischemic stroke. Detection of microembolic signals [MES] in cerebral circulation is uniquely attained by several transcranial Doppler techniques, and can not be obtained with any other available imaging modality. Albeit no uniform picture has emerged from the studies, presence and amount of MES can identify a high-risk status in the setting of potential arterial or cardiac sources of cerebral embolism. Real-time MES monitoring during vascular procedures with high cerebral embolism risk seems also promising. The potential of MES detection in improvement of patient care is usually acknowledged, even though several aspects remain yet to be scientifically established. We herein review theory, technique and clinical potential of the neurosonological emboli detection, and try to add to understanding of the journal readership about the recent development on this subject.

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