2011
DOI: 10.1186/1745-6150-6-61
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Transcription factor binding sites are highly enriched within microRNA precursor sequences

Abstract: BackgroundTranscription factors are thought to regulate the transcription of microRNA genes in a manner similar to that of protein-coding genes; that is, by binding to conventional transcription factor binding site DNA sequences located in or near promoter regions that lie upstream of the microRNA genes. However, in the course of analyzing the genomics of human microRNA genes, we noticed that annotated transcription factor binding sites commonly lie within 70- to 110-nt long microRNA small hairpin precursor se… Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(32 citation statements)
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“…mRNA levels of Nox1 (D), Nox2 (E), Nox4 (F), and TGF-b 1 (G) were measured by qRT-PCR (n = 3, in duplicate), normalized to 9 s mRNA, and expressed as mean 6 SEM relative to control. *P , 0.05 versus Con, transcription factor binding sites (38). In silico analysis of PPARg-related miR promoters revealed putative binding sites for CCAAT/enhancer binding protein a, which can activate miR expression (39), and activator protein-1, which is increased in chronic alcohol consumption (40).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…mRNA levels of Nox1 (D), Nox2 (E), Nox4 (F), and TGF-b 1 (G) were measured by qRT-PCR (n = 3, in duplicate), normalized to 9 s mRNA, and expressed as mean 6 SEM relative to control. *P , 0.05 versus Con, transcription factor binding sites (38). In silico analysis of PPARg-related miR promoters revealed putative binding sites for CCAAT/enhancer binding protein a, which can activate miR expression (39), and activator protein-1, which is increased in chronic alcohol consumption (40).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As such, higher order feedforward and feedback regulatory loops may account for the diverse and intricate patterns of miRNA regulation and action during hypoxic adaptation. Interestingly, over 70% of mature miRNAs also have conserved TF-binding sites of uncertain functional significance [95]. It is currently unclear if TFs interact with mature miRNAs independent of promoter events, and if such interactions have bidirectional implications on TF and miRNA function and stability.…”
Section: Summary and Future Directionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, engineering SBE sequences into stem loop structures was sufficient to confer TGF-β/BMP-4-mediated processing of pre-miRNAs to yield their mature products (Figure 1; [21]). It should be noted that the ability of transcription factors to drive miRNA processing is not unique to TGF-β/BMP-regulated Smads, but is instead a widespread phenomenon as evidenced by the fact that ~45% of all pre-miRNAs harbor one or more consensus binding sites for transcription factors [22]. Indeed, similar to Smads, the tumor suppressor p53 has also been shown to interact with the Drosha complex through p68, resulting in enhanced Drosha processing of pre-miRNAs coupled to DNA damage responses and anticancer activities ( e.g., miR-16-1, miR-143, miR-145; [23]).…”
Section: Aberrant Mirna Biogenesis In Carcinomasmentioning
confidence: 99%