Transcription of pfl is regulated by anaerobiosis, catabolite repression, pyruvate, and oxrA: pfl::Mu dA operon fusions of Salmonella typhimurium

Wong, Kin‐Sing; Suen, Ka-Chun; Kwan, Hoi Shan

doi:10.1128/jb.171.9.4900-4905.1989

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Finally, an additional mutation was mapped to a gene that showed greater than 90% homology to the pfl locus in E. coli K-12. Pfl, pyruvate-formate lyase, catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to formate under anaerobic conditions (70,84).…”

Section: Mutants Defective In Pattern Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATION OF BACTERIAL COLONIES: From Genotype to Morphotype

Ben‐Jacob

Cohen²,

Gutnick³

1998

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

198

167

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In nature, bacteria must often cope with difficult environmental conditions. To do so they have developed sophisticated cooperative behavior and intricate communication pathways. Utilizing these elements, motile microbial colonies frequently develop complex patterns in response to adverse growth conditions on hard surfaces under conditions of energy limitation. We employ the term morphotype to refer to specific properties of colonial development. The morphologies we discuss include a tip-splitting (T) morphotype, chiral (C) morphotype, and vortex (V) morphotype. A generic modeling approach was developed by combining a detailed study of the cellular behavior and dynamics during colonial development and invoking concepts derived from the study of pattern formation in nonliving systems. Analysis of patterning behavior of the models suggests bacterial processes whereby communication leads to self-organization by using cooperative cellular interactions. New features emerging from the model include various models of cell-cell signaling, such as long-range chemorepulsion, short-range chemoattraction, and, in the case of the V morphotype, rotational chemotaxis. In this regard, pattern formation in microorganisms can be viewed as the result of the exchange of information between the micro-level (the individual cells) and the macro-level (the colony).

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Section: Mutants Defective In Pattern Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATION OF BACTERIAL COLONIES: From Genotype to Morphotype

Ben‐Jacob

Cohen²,

Gutnick³

1998

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

198

167

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“…In strains containing pfl lacZ fusions, mutations in cya or crp decrease the expression two-to threefold. It is uncertain whether there is a direct involvement of CRP and cAMP or whether the mutations increased the intracellular level of pyruvate and the increased pyruvate resulted in pfl induction (330). Mutations in oxyC also reduced expression of thw, gene; in an oxyC cya strain, pfl expression was decreased sixfold.…”

Section: Complex Control Systems Involving Crp-campmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic AMP in prokaryotes.

Botsford

Harman

1992

Microbiological Reviews

424

212

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“…S. typhimurium LT2 (wild type) and the LT2 derivative strain TA4100 (oxyRI) (12) were grown aerobically as described (19). A 1% inoculum of overnight aerobic culture was grown to logarithmic phase (OD65o = 0.4) in L broth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-inducible gene of Salmonella typhimurium identified by arbitrarily primed PCR of RNA.

Wong

McClelland

1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

101

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Fingerprinting of RNA by arbitrarily primed PCR (RAP) can be used to identify conditionaily expressed genes in prokaryotes. Differential gene expression in SalmoneUa typhimurium LT2 in response to peroxide treatment was examined as a system in which to demonstrate this strategy. This treatment models the induction of bacterial protective proteins that may occur when mammalian phagocytes use peroxide to fight S. typhimurium infection. To identify genes inducible by hydrogen peroxide stress, total RNA from peroxide-treated and untreated bacterial cultures were RAP rmgerprinted with six different arbitrarily selected primers. A 435-base RAP product that was differentialy amplified by RAP using the reverse sequencing primer was cloned and sequenced. Northern blot analysis confirmed that the RNA corresponding to this clone, RSP435, was induced when bacteria were treated with hydrogen peroxide. The RNA was not induced in an oxyRI mutant that constitutively expresses a subset of hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes. Using pulsedfield gel electrophoresis and dot blot hybridization to an array of induced Mud-P22 integrations, the gene corresponding to RSP435 was mapped to two places, one between 19 and 21.5 min and one between 56 and 57 min. Thus, two similar or identical stress-inducible genes were found in different parts of the genome. Identification, cloning, and mapping of the conditionaHly expressed RSP435 cDNA were performed entirely by physical means, demonstrating that the strategy should complement genetic methods for many prokaryotic or archaebacterial systems and should be applicable to organisms in which genetic methods are difficult to perform or have not yet been developed.Two similar methods for fingerprinting of eukaryotic RNA have been developed (1, 2) based on arbitrarily primed PCR (RAP) (3, 4). In principle, fingerprinting of RNA by RAP (1, 5) can be used on prokaryotic RNAs because it does not rely on poly(A)-tailed RNA that is rare in mRNAs isolated from bacteria (6). To demonstrate that the method can be used to identify differentially expressed genes of bacteria we searched for stress-induced RNAs in Salmonella typhimurium.Enterobacteria respond to various stimuli such as oxidative stress, extreme pH, anaerobiosis, heat shock, osmotic shock, and starvation, by changing the expression of groups of genes termed "stimulons" (7,29). Assorted genetic tools have been used to study these regulatory networks, including operon fusions (8), promoter probe plasmids (9, 10), and positively selected promoter probes (11). An example of the differential expression of sets of genes due to external stimuli is the response of S. typhimurium to oxidative stress. When bacteria invade the mammalian host, activated granulocytes may employ millimolar concentrations of peroxide and superoxide anion during phagocytosis in an attempt to kill the bacteria (12, 13). In response, the bacteria can induce stimu-The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore...

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Transcription of pfl is regulated by anaerobiosis, catabolite repression, pyruvate, and oxrA: pfl::Mu dA operon fusions of Salmonella typhimurium

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATION OF BACTERIAL COLONIES: From Genotype to Morphotype

COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATION OF BACTERIAL COLONIES: From Genotype to Morphotype

Cyclic AMP in prokaryotes.

Stress-inducible gene of Salmonella typhimurium identified by arbitrarily primed PCR of RNA.

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