Transcription of the chicken histone H5 gene is mediated by distinct tissue-specific elements within the promoter and the 3' enhancer.

Trainor, C D; Engel, J D

doi:10.1128/mcb.9.5.2228

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2]. Furthermore, we have found that cotransfection control substrate DNAs can clearly compete for trans-acting factors (Trainor and Engel 1989). We have therefore purposely omitted cotransfection pos itive controls to obviate the possibility of misinterpretation of transcriptional activities because of plasmid competition for factors; instead, we currently rely on multiple independent transfections, which lead to the same conclusions.…”

Section: Transfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The beta-globin stage selector element factor is erythroid-specific promoter/enhancer binding protein NF-E4.

Gallarda

Foley²,

Yang³

et al. 1989

Genes & Development

Self Cite

121

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The analysis of transcriptional regulatory proteins is often hampered because such factors are present in cells in only sparing abundance. Although direct biochemical purification has been successfully applied to the analysis of many of these factors, such methods are labor intensive and expensive. We have developed an alternative strategy to identify and characterize such trans-acting factors and have used it to analyze the proteins that interact with the chicken adult p-globin gene enhancer and promoter. The methodology involves (1) a sensitive 'reverse' radioimmunoassay used for the identification of antibodies to sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, and (2) a monoclonal antibody-based DNase I footprint selection technique, which unambiguously identifies proteins responsible for particular footprints. Because this methodology relies on the isolation of antibodies to sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, it should be of general utility in studying any trflns-acting regulatory factor for which a specific DNA-binding sequence can be identified. In the present analysis, we report the identification of a 65-kD protein that is present only in mature definitive (adult) chicken erythroid cells. We show that this protein (termed NF-E4) binds to closely related sequences present in both the p-globin promoter and enhancer. Biochemical analysis of extracts prepared from both nonerythroid and a variety of erythroid cell types suggests that NF-E4 is the trans-acting factor that confers definitive erythrocyte stage-specific transcriptional activation to the adult p-globin gene.

show abstract

Section: Transfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The beta-globin stage selector element factor is erythroid-specific promoter/enhancer binding protein NF-E4.

Gallarda

Foley²,

Yang³

et al. 1989

Genes & Development

Self Cite

121

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, the neighbouring GC-rich sequence element (base pairs -83 to -74) is required for gene activity in both the proliferative precursors as well as in the early stages of cell differentiation (Rousseau et al, 1993). Finally, the basal transcription of this promoter seems to involve sequences located downstream of the initiation site, namely a USF-binding site (Bungert et al, 1992;Trainor and Engel, 1989).…”

Section: Differentiation-specific Histone Hi (Hi O H5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmentally regulated expression of linker‐histone variants in vertebrates

Khochbin

Wolffe

1994

European Journal of Biochemistry

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The identification of histone H1 variants in vertebrates suggests that these proteins may have specialized functions. During embryonic development, a correspondence between the expression of each of the linker-histone variants and the proliferative and transcriptional activity of embryonic cells can be observed. Analysis of the developmentally regulated expression of these variants leads to the subdivision of these variants into distinct classes. This subdivision may also provide insight into the significance of the differential expression of variants and the roles individual linker histones have in chromatin structure and function.Linker histones have long been known to interact with the variable length of linker DNA that lies between nucleosome cores within chromatin (van Holde, 1989). This interaction is believed to facilitate the folding of nucleosomal arrays into higher-order structures. This mundane packaging role is, not, however, the only role linker histones have to play. Studies on the structure of linker histones, their interaction with the nucleosome and their roles in controlling gene activity indicate that this family of proteins has not only an important architectural role, but also an essential regulatory role in transcription. In vertebrates, several different variants of linker histones have been described and the expression of their genes studied. It is useful to examine the properties and expression of these variants, since this analysis leads to a better understanding of the relevance of this diversity for particular cellular activities during development.Linker histones may be subdivided into four major classes according to both the timing of their expression and their cell-type specificity during development. This division, based on the pattern of expression, corresponds also to distinct properties of proteins in each class. In general, a linker histone presents a tripartite structure; an N-terminal tail, a globular domain and a relatively long C-terminal tail. Members of each class have conserved this structural feature but can ble distinguished mainly by the length of the N-terminal and C-terminal tails and the nature of the peptide sequence, i.e. the number of acidic and basic amino acids as well as the nature of the basic residues.Cleavage linker histones are expressed during oogenesis and during early embryogenesis. The normal somatic form of linker histone (Hl) progressively accumulates in nuclei after the initiation of zygotic expression and, thereafter, is Correspondence to S. Khochbin,

show abstract

“…The chicken erythroid histone H5 gene chromatin has several DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS) located in the 5' and 3' flanking regions of the gene (4). DHS 5 maps at or near a tissuespecific upstream promoter element (5,6), while DHS 7U and 7L map with a 3' enhancer element which is located in the region + 851 to +1064 (6,7). The histone H5 gene promoter has two positive elements: a GC-box (-83 to -75) and an upstream activating sequence (UPE, -54 to -38) which has a sequence similar to the H4 gene subtype-specific element (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of erythroid nuclear proteins binding to the promoter and enhancer elements of the chicken histone H5 gene

1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chicken erythroid proteins binding to the histone H5 5' promoter and 3' erythroid-specific enhancer regions were identified. In DNase I footprinting and gel mobility shift experiments with immature adult erythrocyte nuclear extracts, we have demonstrated the binding of proteins to the GC-box, a high affinity Sp1 binding site, and to the upstream promoter element. We have previously demonstrated that a multisubunit complex containing the transcription factor GATA-1 was associated with the enhancer. Here, we show that the enhancer region also has four Sp1 binding sites (one medium and three weak affinity, one of which may also bind the CACCC factor), a potential NF-E4 binding site, and a binding site for a NF1-like factor. The results of gel mobility-shift and competition experiments provide evidence that the Sp1 binding sites are associated with a high molecular mass (greater than 450 kDa), Sp1 containing protein complex. We propose that Sp1 multimers bound at the promoter and enhancer interact to mediate the juxta-positioning of the enhancer and promoter elements, bringing the GATA-1 multisubunit complex next to the initiation site. The GATA-1 complex may contribute to the protein-protein interactions between the enhancer and promoter.

show abstract

Transcription of the chicken histone H5 gene is mediated by distinct tissue-specific elements within the promoter and the 3' enhancer.

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

The beta-globin stage selector element factor is erythroid-specific promoter/enhancer binding protein NF-E4.

The beta-globin stage selector element factor is erythroid-specific promoter/enhancer binding protein NF-E4.

Developmentally regulated expression of linker‐histone variants in vertebrates

Analysis of erythroid nuclear proteins binding to the promoter and enhancer elements of the chicken histone H5 gene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About