Transcriptional and posttranscriptional events associated with neural maturation

Johnson, Terry C.; Weck, Phillip K.

doi:10.1007/bf00965598

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The presence of distinct fibrillar centers in both neuronal and oligodendroglial nucleoli indicates also that part of their rRNA genes is not transcribed (Goessens, 1984). These characteristics of brain cell nucleoli may be correlated with the observation that a decrease in the level of transcription takes place during maturation (Johnson and Weck, 1976), being more pronounced in oligodendrocytes than in neurons (Giuffrida et al, 1975). The switching off in oligodendrocytes of a significant part of the rRNA genes could reflect the completion of myelogenesis in the adult brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Ribosome Biogenesis and Nucleolar Ultrastructure in Neuronal and Oligodendroglial Rat Brain Cells

Stoykova

Dabeva

Dimova

et al. 1985

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The absolute amounts of precursor to ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in isolated rat brain neuronal and oligodendroglial nuclei were determined. The amount of the major pre-rRNA and rRNA species in neuronal nuclei was about twofold higher than in oligodendroglial nuclei. The relative rate of pre-rRNA synthesis in vivo was 2.3- to 2.7-fold higher in neuronal as compared with oligodendroglial nuclei. This corresponds to a 2.7-fold higher activity of the "template-bound" RNA polymerase I in isolated neuronal nuclei, whereas the activity of the "free" enzyme in both neuronal and glial nuclei was almost identical. The higher transcription rates of rRNA genes correlated with the markedly more prominent fibrillar component in neuronal nucleoli. The turnover times of the major pre-rRNA and rRNA species in neuronal and oligodendroglial nuclei were similar, except for 45S pre-rRNA, which turned over at an approximately 1.5-fold slower rate in neuronal nuclei. The relative rates of processing of pre-rRNA and of nucleocytoplasmic transport of rRNA in neuronal cells were approximately 2.7-fold higher than in oligodendroglial cells and corresponded to the differences in rRNA gene transcription rates. The established ribosome formation features correlated with an abundant (neurons) or exceedingly scarce (oligodendrocytes) nucleolar granular component. The turnover rate of cytoplasmic ribosomes in rat brain neurons was twofold slower than in oligodendrocytes, largely because of the about fivefold higher amount of ribosomes in the cytoplasm of neurons. We conclude that ribosome formation and turnover in neuronal and oligodendroglial cells are adapted to the protein synthetic levels in these two types of brain cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Ribosome Biogenesis and Nucleolar Ultrastructure in Neuronal and Oligodendroglial Rat Brain Cells

Stoykova

Dabeva

Dimova

et al. 1985

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…The postnatal induction and accumulation of SlOO protein in brain occurs at a time in development when the overall rate of protein synthesis is markedly decreased (Johnson and Weck, 1976;Johnson, 1976). In clonal rat glial cells the accumulation of S 100 protein in stationary cultures also occurs at a time when protein synthesis is drastically reduced .…”

Section: Activity Of Sloomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in the complexity of transcription in brain during early postnatal development (Brown and Church, 1972) may indicate that a greater range of proteins is required as development of the nervous system proceeds. These observations, together with the decline in the overall rate of protein synthesis during early postnatal development (Johnson and Weck, 1976;Johnson, 1976), raise questions as to how protein synthesis in the brain is regulated and whether the mechanisms are similar to control mechanisms operating in other cell types.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Messenger RNA Coding for S100 Protein in the Mammalian Brain

Mahony

Brown

1980

Journal of Neurochemistry

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S100 protein is a brain-specific protein which is absent at birth and first appears in rabbit brain 2-3 days after birth. To determine how the synthesis of this brain-specific protein is regulated, mRNA was isolated from brain polysomes and assayed for S100 protein mRNA activity by in vitro translation in a heterologous cell-free system and immunoprecipitation of released polypeptides with rabbit anti-S100 protein antiserum. S100 protein mRNA was detected primarily in small polysomes containing five to eight ribosomes, and virtually no S100 protein mRNA was present in polysomes containing more than eight ribosomes. S100 protein mRNA was not detected in brain polysomes at stages prior to the induction of synthesis of S100 protein, i.e., in fetal brain or in 1-day neonates. The amount of S100 protein mRNA in polysomes of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum was measured to see if it correlated with the level of S100 protein in the two regions of adult brain. The cerebellum, which contained three to four times the level of S100 protein in the cerebral cortex, contained four times more S100 protein mRNA.

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Brain Nuclei

Takahashi

1984

Structural Elements of the Nervous System

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Transcriptional and posttranscriptional events associated with neural maturation

Cited by 7 publications

References 90 publications

Ribosome Biogenesis and Nucleolar Ultrastructure in Neuronal and Oligodendroglial Rat Brain Cells

Ribosome Biogenesis and Nucleolar Ultrastructure in Neuronal and Oligodendroglial Rat Brain Cells

Analysis of Messenger RNA Coding for S100 Protein in the Mammalian Brain

Brain Nuclei

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