Transcriptional Landscape of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Their Host Provides Insight into N Uptake from Forest Soil

Pérez, Carmen Alicia Rivera; Janz, Dennis; Schneider, Dominik; Daniel, Rolf; Polle, Andrea

doi:10.1128/msystems.00957-21

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…In controlled experiments with only one plant and one EM species, biochemical regulation such as upregulation of nitrate transporters within short periods of time (< 2 h; Jargeat et al ., 2000, 2003; Montanini et al ., 2006; Willmann et al ., 2014) as well as suppression of nitrate transporter activity in the presence of NH 4 + was found (Nehls & Plassard, 2018). However, soil labelling with a high dose of either NH 4 + or NO 3 − for 2 d induced no detectable transcriptional responses to these N forms in EM assemblages composed of different species but the EM metatranscriptomes revealed taxon‐specific transcriptional profiles of genes involved in N uptake and metabolism (Rivera Pérez et al ., 2022). In our study, five (out of 19) EM fungal genera ( Clavulina , Russula , Lactarius , Tomentella , and Thelephora ) did not possess a single nitrate transporter gene (identified as IPR004737; Romero‐Olivares et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also notable that NO 3 − loss was only partially prevented by the EM species. Collectively, genome sequencing, metatranscriptome analyses (Kohler et al ., 2015; Miyauchi et al ., 2020; Romero‐Olivares et al ., 2021; Rivera Pérez et al ., 2022) and physiological studies underpin strong genetic signature in fungal traits for N handling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NO 3 − translocation may – at least partly – be independent from ectomycorrhizas. For example, application of NO 3 − to forest soil resulted in strong upregulation of marker genes for NO 3 − assimilation in beech roots but not in the associated EM assemblage (Rivera Pérez et al ., 2022), suggesting that roots may have directly acquired NO 3 − . Thus, direct plant NO 3 − uptake may compensate for the low efficiencies of fungal communities for NO 3 − uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ectomycorrhizal diversity, taxon‐specific traits and root N uptake in temperate beech forests

2023

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Roots of forest trees are colonized by a diverse spectrum of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal species differing in their nitrogen (N) acquisition abilities. Here, we hypothesized that root N gain is the result of EM fungal diversity or related to taxon-specific traits for N uptake.To test our hypotheses, we traced 15 N enrichment in fine roots, coarse roots and taxonspecific ectomycorrhizas in temperate beech forests in two regions and three seasons, feeding 1 mM NH 4 NO 3 labelled with either 15 NH 4 + or 15 NO 3 À . We morphotyped > 45 000 vital root tips and identified 51 of 53 detected EM species by sequencing. EM root tips exhibited strong, fungal taxon-specific variation in 15 N enrichment with higher NH 4 + than NO 3 À enrichment. The translocation of N into the upper parts of the root system increased with increasing EM fungal diversity. Across the growth season, influential EM species predicting root N gain were not identified, probably due to high temporal dynamics of the species composition of EM assemblages.Our results support that root N acquisition is related to EM fungal community-level traits and highlight the importance of EM diversity for tree N nutrition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ectomycorrhizal diversity, taxon‐specific traits and root N uptake in temperate beech forests

2023

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“…Samples were divided into two compartments: roots and soil. DNA of all samples and compartments was extracted, the fungal nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 region (ITS2) was amplified, and Illumina sequencing was applied as described previously (Likulunga et al, 2021; Rivera Pérez et al, 2022). We used a standardized pipeline for quality filtering the raw sequences, which were then clustered at 97% sequence identity into operational taxonomic units (OTUs).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species diversity of forest floor biota in non‐native Douglas‐fir stands is similar to that of native stands

Glatthorn,

Appleby,

Balkenhol

et al. 2023

Ecosphere

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Cultivation of non‐native tree species is a promising option to adapt managed forests to climate change. However, consequences of non‐native tree species on flora, fauna, and microorganisms that occur in forest ecosystems (forest associates) need to be considered when managing forests. We lack a solid understanding of how cultivating non‐native tree species in pure stands and in mixture with native tree species impacts abundance and species diversity of forest associates. We compared abundance, alpha‐, beta‐ and gamma‐diversity of eight forest‐floor‐associated taxa that are relevant for ecosystem functioning (including fungi, plants, arthropods, and small mammals) between different forest ecosystems. We addressed pure stands of non‐native coniferous Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and two native species, broad‐leaved European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and coniferous Norway spruce (Picea abies), as well as mixed stands of European beech with each conifer in two regions with differing site conditions in temperate Northwest Germany. Diversity indices revealed differences among species groups. Gamma‐diversity and alpha‐diversity of forest associates in Douglas‐fir and spruce stands were usually higher than in beech stands. Estimates of species diversity of mixed stands are intermediate between estimates for the respective pure stands. Differences in the diversity between the two study regions were highly taxon specific with no clear support for a general trend toward a higher or lower species diversity of forest associates depending on site quality. Abundance values show a pattern similar to our diversity estimates, but with a higher statistical uncertainty. Non‐native Douglas‐fir stands provided habitats to support associated species communities of equally high or higher diversity than stands of native beech or spruce. Mixed stands of non‐native and native tree species may be a management option to achieve different goals, that is, to provide habitats for species that are strictly associated with beech and to increase resilience to climate change. However, the overall diversity of forest‐floor‐associated biota is not improved by cultivating Douglas‐fir or spruce in mixture with beech.

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“…Finally, in a recent study performed for a better understanding of tree nutrition in a designed, roofed outdoor cosm with defined irrigation with beech saplings collected from a natural forest in their natural soil, mixed transcriptomes from mycorrhized beech roots shorttime (48 h) after feeding of defined nitrogen sources showed unanticipated independent reactions between ECM fungi and the host to sudden anthropogenic high nitrate and high ammonium fluxes in forest soil. The fungi were unaffected by the changes in their gene expressions while the host was unexpectedly not shielded by the fungi and responded by uptake and upregulating nitrogen-specific metabolic and protective gene functions (Rivera Pérez et al 2022).…”

Section: Meta-transcriptomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying molecular and genetic methods to trees and their fungal communities

Müller

Kües

Budde

et al. 2023

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Forests provide invaluable economic, ecological, and social services. At the same time, they are exposed to several threats, such as fragmentation, changing climatic conditions, or increasingly destructive pests and pathogens. Trees, the inherent species of forests, cannot be viewed as isolated organisms. Manifold (micro)organisms are associated with trees playing a pivotal role in forest ecosystems. Of these organisms, fungi may have the greatest impact on the life of trees. A multitude of molecular and genetic methods are now available to investigate tree species and their associated organisms. Due to their smaller genome sizes compared to tree species, whole genomes of different fungi are routinely compared. Such studies have only recently started in forest tree species. Here, we summarize the application of molecular and genetic methods in forest conservation genetics, tree breeding, and association genetics as well as for the investigation of fungal communities and their interrelated ecological functions. These techniques provide valuable insights into the molecular basis of adaptive traits, the impacts of forest management, and changing environmental conditions on tree species and fungal communities and can enhance tree-breeding cycles due to reduced time for field testing. It becomes clear that there are multifaceted interactions among microbial species as well as between these organisms and trees. We demonstrate the versatility of the different approaches based on case studies on trees and fungi. Key points • Current knowledge of genetic methods applied to forest trees and associated fungi. • Genomic methods are essential in conservation, breeding, management, and research. • Important role of phytobiomes for trees and their ecosystems.

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Transcriptional Landscape of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Their Host Provides Insight into N Uptake from Forest Soil

Cited by 14 publications

References 127 publications

Ectomycorrhizal diversity, taxon‐specific traits and root N uptake in temperate beech forests

Ectomycorrhizal diversity, taxon‐specific traits and root N uptake in temperate beech forests

Species diversity of forest floor biota in non‐native Douglas‐fir stands is similar to that of native stands

Applying molecular and genetic methods to trees and their fungal communities

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