Transcriptional profiling of the sperm storage organs of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Prokupek, A. M.; Kachman, Stephen D.; Ladunga, István; Harshman, Lawrence G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00887.x

Cited by 73 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Significance was tested by a log-linear model. including the spermathecae and the seminal receptacle (Allen and Spradling 2008;Prokupek et al 2008Prokupek et al , 2009Prokupek et al , 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Basis for Male × Female Interactions Underlying Variation in Reproductive Phenotypes of Drosophila

2010

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In Drosophila, where females mate multiply, sperm competition contributes strongly to fitness variability among males. Males transfer ''Acp'' seminal proteins to females during mating, and these proteins influence the outcome of sperm competition. Because Acps function within the female, male proteins can directly interact with female molecules in a manner that affects reproductive fitness. Here we begin to dissect the genetic architecture of male 3 female interactions underlying reproductive phenotypes important to sperm competition. By utilizing chromosome extraction lines, we demonstrate that the third and X chromosomes each have large effects on fertility phenotypes, female remating rate, and the sperm competition parameter, P1. Strikingly, the third and X chromosomes harbor genetic variation that gives rise to strong male 3 female interactions that modulate female remating rate and P1. Encoded on these chromosomes are, respectively, sex peptide (SP) and sex peptide receptor (SPR), the only pair of physically interacting male Acp and female receptor known. We identified several intriguing allelic interactions between SP and SPR. The results of this study begin to elucidate the complex genetic architecture of reproductive and sperm competition phenotypes and have significant implications for the evolution of male and female characters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Basis for Male × Female Interactions Underlying Variation in Reproductive Phenotypes of Drosophila

2010

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“…Ravi Ram and Wolfner (23) used such data to identify all annotated D. melanogaster genes expressed specifically in the male accessory glands and encoding putative secreted proteins. Similarly, Prokupek et al (24,25) used EST analysis and microarrays to identify genes that are up and downregulated at different time points after mating in female Drosophila sperm storage organs. A recent explosion of proteomics studies has identified many reproductive proteins in taxa ranging from crickets and honeybees to rodents and humans.…”

Section: Identifying Reproductive Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics enhances evolutionary and functional analysis of reproductive proteins

Findlay

Swanson

2009

BioEssays

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Reproductive proteins maintain species-specific barriers to fertilization, affect the outcome of sperm competition, mediate reproductive conflicts between the sexes, and potentially contribute to the formation of new species. However, the specific proteins and molecular mechanisms that underlie these processes are understood in only a handful of cases. Advances in genomic and proteomic technologies enable the identification of large suites of reproductive proteins, making it possible to dissect reproductive phenotypes at the molecular level. We first review these technological advances and describe how reproductive proteins are identified in diverse animal taxa. We then discuss the dynamic evolution of reproductive proteins and the potential selective forces that act on them. Finally, we describe molecular and genomic tools for functional analysis and detail how evolutionary data may be used to make predictions about interactions among reproductive proteins.

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“…These mating-regulated genes may include some that are important for sperm competition. Similarly, genes expressed specifically in the female sperm storage organs (Allen and Spradling 2008;Prokupek et al 2008Prokupek et al , 2009Prokupek et al , 2010Schnakenberg et al 2011) might produce products that influence sperm competition.Many studies of the female role in sperm competition have focused on the female reproductive tract. A priori, a focus on the female reproductive tract makes sense because this is where sperm competition occurs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Large Neurological Component to Genetic Differences Underlying Biased Sperm Use in Drosophila

2013

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Sperm competition arises as a result of complex interactions among male and female factors. While the roles of some male factors are known, little is known of the molecules or mechanisms that underlie the female contribution to sperm competition. The genetic tools available for Drosophila allow us to identify, in an unbiased manner, candidate female genes that are critical for mediating sperm competition outcomes. We first screened for differences in female sperm storage and use patterns by characterizing the natural variation in sperm competition in a set of 39 lines from the sequenced Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) of wild-derived inbred lines. We found extensive female variation in sperm competition outcomes. To generate a list of candidate female genes for functional studies, we performed a genome-wide association mapping, utilizing the common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) segregating in the DGRP lines. Surprisingly, SNPs within ion channel genes and other genes with roles in the nervous system were among the top associated SNPs. Knockdown studies of three candidate genes (para, Rab2, and Rim) in sensory neurons innervating the female reproductive tract indicate that some of these candidate female genes may affect sperm competition by modulating the neural input of these sensory neurons to the female reproductive tract. More extensive functional studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of all these candidate female genes in sperm competition. Nevertheless, the female nervous system appears to have a previously unappreciated role in sperm competition. Our results indicate that the study of female control of sperm competition should not be limited to female reproductive tract-specific genes, but should focus also on diverse biological pathways. I N many organisms, sperm competition is an important source of reproductive variation and is critical to the reproductive success of both males and females. Sperm competition occurs when a female mates with and stores sperm from multiple males. Multiple mating creates a situation in which the males' sperm "compete" for successful fertilizations. While the ultimate outcome of a sperm competition depends on a complex interaction between male and female factors, the sexes often have different interests. Males are essentially in competition with other males, and while natural selection drives males to become better competitors with each other, it may result in males damaging the female through toxicity of seminal proteins (Wigby and Chapman 2004;Mueller et al. 2007). On the other hand, females benefit from simply being able to produce the most and highest-fitness offspring, and this may entail a specific response to male-produced molecules that influence sperm competition. The sexual conflict that arises from these different evolutionary goals of males and females implies that the genetic response to selection on sperm competition may be totally distinct in males and females. It remains largely unknown what genes drive this sexual antagon...

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Transcriptional profiling of the sperm storage organs of Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 73 publications

References 67 publications

The Genetic Basis for Male × Female Interactions Underlying Variation in Reproductive Phenotypes of Drosophila

The Genetic Basis for Male × Female Interactions Underlying Variation in Reproductive Phenotypes of Drosophila

Proteomics enhances evolutionary and functional analysis of reproductive proteins

Large Neurological Component to Genetic Differences Underlying Biased Sperm Use in Drosophila

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