Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Involved in Aluminum Stress Responses in Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

Abstract

Background Aluminum (Al) contamination inhibits plant growth and development, however, mechanisms involved in Al stress tolerance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were rarely studied. The present study was comprised of four Al levels i.e., 0, 1.25, 2.5 and 5 mmol l−1 AlCl3.18H2O regarded as Al0, Al1, Al2, and Al3. The respective concentrations were added in Hoagland nutrient solution and replaced every three days. Result Results revealed that seeding length low Al concentration (Al1) treatment had no noticeable effect on seeding lenght, while higher Al concentration (Al2 and Al3) treatment significantly inhibited seeding lenght. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of plant hormone metabolism pathway were significantly enriched whereas the contents of salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) were up-regulated, and jasmonic acid (JA) were down-regulated to different levels. Moreover, transcription factors (TFs) and ALMT9 and FRDL1 genes were up-regulated at higher Al concentration and down-regulated at the lowest Al concentration (Al1). Conclusions Overall, Higher Al concentrations up-regulated the expression of transcription factors (TFs), and ALMT9 and FRDL1 genes to resist the stress of high Al concentrations whereas transcriptome analysis revealed that Al stress tolerance is closely related to endogenous hormone contents i.e., salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA). This study preliminarily analyzed the molecular mechanism of Al tolerance in peanut and provided a theoretical rationale for developing new Al-tolerant peanut cultivars.

Post-transcriptional regulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis pathway, silicon, and heavy metal transporters in response to Zn in fragrant rice

“…Zn is important for the physiological and biochemical functions of plants. Therefore, previous research in plants was focused on transcriptional changes in response to Zn to identify the molecular pathways and the transcription factors that control these pathways (Schvartzman et al, 2018;Roda et al, 2020;Bao et al, 2021). However, posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in response to Zn is largely ignored.…”

“…To profile the AS events in response to Zn treatment, RNA-seq data were re-analyzed in two fragrant rice cultivars (Bao et al, 2021). Meixiangzhan-2 treated with 14 mg L −1 Zn (MT1) exhibited a total of 19,707 AS events as compared to the control, while Meixiangzhan-2 treated with 30 mg L −1 Zn (MT2) exhibited a total of 19,901 AS events as compared to the control (Figure 1 and Supplementary Table 2).…”

“…High-throughput sequencing strategies have now enabled us to understand the regulatory role of AS in plants. In our previous study, transcriptomic analysis was performed to understand the function of the Zn-induced transcriptional cascades regulating 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice (Bao et al, 2021;Imran et al, 2022). Here, we identified the AS events in two fragrant rice cultivars in response to low and high doses of Zn application.…”