Transcriptome analysis of Harumi tangor fruits: Insights into interstock-mediated fruit quality

Abstract

Harumi tangor fruit with Ponkan as an interstock contains significantly higher levels of total soluble solids compared to Harumi tangor fruit cv.with no interstock. Transcriptome analysis of two graft combinations (Harumi/Hongjv (HP) and cv. cv.Harumi/Ponkan/Hongjv (HPP)) was conducted to identify the genes related to use of the Ponkan interstock. Soluble sugars and organic acids were also measured in the two graft combinations. The results showed that the contents of sucrose, glucose, and fructose were higher in the fruits of HPP than in those of HP; additionally, the titratable acid levels were lower in grafts with interstocks than in grafts without interstocks. Transcriptome analysis of HPP and HP citrus revealed that the interstock regulated auxin and ethylene signals, sugar and energy metabolism, and cell wall metabolism. Trend and Venn analyses suggested that genes related to carbohydrate-, energy-, and hormone-metabolic activities were more abundant in HPP plants than in HP plants during different periods. Moreover, weighted gene co-expression network analysis demonstrated that carbohydrates, hormones, cell wall, and transcription factors may be critical for interstock-mediated citrus fruit development and ripening. The contents of ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, transcription factors, starch, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and total sugar in HPP plants differed considerably than those in HP fruits. Interstocks may help to regulate the early ripening and quality of citrus fruit through the above-mentioned pathways. These findings provide information on the effects of interstock on plant growth and development.

The Use of Transgenic Resistant Plums in Transgrafting Fails to Confer Plum Pox Virus Resistance in Prunus

“…To determine the silencing route, the apparent differential expression of silencing observed in the noninoculated tissue of perennial plants should be further explored (Figure 5). Woody plants hypothesize that the interstock technology controlling the RNAi movement from the resistant plum clone to the untransformed scions involves several molecules, such as carbohydrates, hormones, cell wall components and transcription factors [44]. Through the comparative studies between asymptomatic and symptomatic Prunus leaves, Espinoza et al [45] pointed out the involvement of different Prunus metabolites (sugars, phenolic compounds, organic acids…).…”

Comprehensive analyses of the citrus WRKY gene family involved in the metabolism of fruit sugars and organic acids

“…As an important regulatory factor in plants, WRKY TFs have been investigated to play critical roles in fruit development, as well as the stress response ( Han et al., 2020 ; Liu et al., 2022b ; Guan et al., 2023 ; Shao et al., 2023 ). Meanwhile, transcriptome analysis of different tangor mandarins also revealed that multiple WRKYs had potential functions in fruit quality formation throughout fruit development ( Bi et al., 2022 ; Liao et al., 2022 ). In this study, the expression profiles of WRKY TFs and fruit quality (sugars and organic acids) of orange fruit were conjointly analyzed and revealed that several of these genes may be involved in the regulation of fruit quality formation ( Figures 4 , 5 ).…”

Identification of Photosynthesis Characteristics and Chlorophyll Metabolism in Leaves of Citrus Cultivar (Harumi) with Varying Degrees of Chlorosis

“…Citrus fruits are rich in bioactive substances, such as essential oils, carotenoids, flavonoids, acacia and limonoids, which have significant effects in terms of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, prevention and treatment of multiple respiratory diseases [3,4]. Harumi, which is a late-maturing hybrid citrus ['F 2432' Ponkan (Citrus reticulata) × Kiyomi tangor (Citrus unshiu × Citrus sinensis)] [5], has been increasingly planted in China and favored by many consumers because of its high quality, high yield and abundant nutrients [6]. However, after years of field observation, we found that citrus (Harumi, Daya, etc.)…”