Transcriptome Analysis ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaeDuring Natural Infection Reveals Differential Expression of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants Between Men and Women

Abstract

23Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterial pathogen responsible for the sexually transmitted infection, Importance 46Recent emergence of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae worldwide, has resulted 47 in limited therapeutic choices for treating infections caused by this organism. We performed 48 global transcriptomic analysis of N. gonorrhoeae in subjects with gonorrhea who attended the 49 Nanjing (China) STI clinic where antimicrobial resistance of N. gonorrhoeae is high and 50increasing. We found that N. gonorrhoeae transcriptional responses to infection differed in 51 genital specimens taken from men and women, particularly antibiotic-resistance gene expression, 52 which was increased in men. These sex-specific findings may provide a new approach to guide 53 therapeutic interventions and preventive measures that are also sex-specific while also providing 54 additional insight to address antimicrobial resistance of N. gonorrhoeae.

Structures of glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis

“…Ng colonizes and infects the urogenital, anorectal, and oropharyngeal mucosal sites in both men and women. Men with gonorrhea typically exhibit symptomatic urethritis, while women are more likely to be asymptomatic with silent damage to their reproductive tract . The obligate intracellular bacterium Ct is one of the most prevalent human pathogens and is associated with both genital tract and ocular pathologies .…”