Transcriptome analysis of the bursa of Fabricius and thymus of laying ducks reveals immune gene expression changes underlying the impacts of stocking densities

Li, J. P.; Xiong, Xingjiang; Gan, Xinmeng; Pu, Fajun; Cha, S. C.; Bai, Lili; Mustafa, Ahsan; Li, L. L.; Liu, H. H.; Yang, Chaowu; Twumasi, G.

doi:10.1080/00071668.2021.1943309

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The thymus weight and organ index of three goose breeds, especially for GE, showed a decreasing tendency during development. In poultry, both spleen and thymus are vital for maintaining the body’s normal immune functions ( 23 ). It was reported that the chicken hens reared outdoor generally had a higher spleen weight and organ index than those reared indoor ( 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cage vs. net-floor mixed rearing system on goose spleen histomorphology and gene expression profiles

Chen,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Due to the demands for both environmental protection and modernization of the goose industry in China, the traditional goose waterside rearing systems have been gradually transitioning to the modern intensive dryland rearing ones, such as the net-floor mixed rearing system (MRS) and cage rearing system (CRS). However, the goose immune responses to different dryland rearing systems remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate and compare the age-dependent effects of MRS and CRS on the splenic histomorphological characteristics and immune-related genes expression profiles among three economically important goose breeds, including Sichuan White goose (SW), Gang goose (GE), and Landes goose (LD). Morphological analysis revealed that the splenic weight and organ index of SW were higher under CRS than under MRS (p < 0.05). Histological observations showed that for SW and LD, the splenic corpuscle diameter and area as well as trabecular artery diameter were larger under MRS than under CRS at 30 or 43 weeks of age (p < 0.05), while the splenic red pulp area of GE was larger under CRS than under MRS at 43 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Besides, at 43 weeks of age, higher mRNA expression levels of NGF, SPI1, and VEGFA in spleens of SW were observed under MRS than under CRS (p < 0.05), while higher levels of HSPA2 and NGF in spleens of LD were observed under MRS than under CRS (p < 0.05). For GE, there were higher mRNA expression levels of MYD88 in spleens under CRS at 30 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Moreover, our correlation analysis showed that there appeared to be more pronounced positive associations between the splenic histological parameters and expression levels of several key immune-related genes under MRS than under CRS. Therefore, it is speculated that the geese reared under MRS might exhibit enhanced immune functions than those under CRS, particularly for SW and LD. Although these phenotypic differences are assumed to be associated with the age-dependent differential expression profiles of HSPA2, MYD88, NGF, SPI1, and VEGFA in the goose spleen, the underlying regulatory mechanisms await further investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cage vs. net-floor mixed rearing system on goose spleen histomorphology and gene expression profiles

Chen,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The bursa of Fabricius is an immunologically hollow oval chestnut-like sac located dorsally to the cloaca [ 15 ]. In duck, the bursa of Fabricius plays essential roles in sustaining the normal immune function to maintain health [ 16 ]. Previous studies have identified many DRV infection responsive proteins in the liver and spleen of duck [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Differential Responses to Novel Duck Reovirus Infection in the Bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata

Yun

Hua

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The bursa of Fabricius is an immunologically organ against the invasion of duck reovirus (DRV), which is a fatal bird virus belonging to the Reoviridae family. However, responses of the bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata to novel DRV (NDRV) infection are largely unknown. Transcriptomes and proteomes of the samples from control and two NDRV strain (HN10 and JDm10) with different virulence were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes and differential accumulated proteins were enriched in the serine protease system and innate immune response clusters. Most of the immune-related genes were up-regulated under both JDm10/HN10 infections. However, the immune-related proteins were only accumulated under HN10 infection. For the serine protease system, coagulation factor IX, three chains of fibrinogen, and complements C8, C5, and C2s were significantly up-regulated by the HN10 infection, suggesting that the serine protease-mediated immune system might be involved in the resistance to NDRV infection. For the innate and adaptive immune system, RIG-I, MDA5, MAPK20, and IRF3 were significantly up-regulated, indicating their important roles against invaded virus. TLR-3 and IKBKB were only up-regulated in the liver cells, MAPK20 was only up-regulated in the bursa of Fabricius cells, and IRAK2 was only up-regulated in the spleen samples. Coagulation factor IX was increased in the bursa of Fabricius, not in the liver and spleen samples. The data provides a detailed resource for studying the proteins participating in the resistances of the bursa of Fabricius of duck to NDRV infections.

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“…Compared with indoor caged chickens, outdoor free-range chickens have higher gut microbial alpha diversity ( 16 , 19 – 21 ), and the proportions of Bacteroidetes , Actinomycetes , and Proteobacteria were significantly higher ( 22 ), as these groups contain more microbes that may be derived from the environment ( 20 , 23 ). However, the temperature, humidity, light intensity, and rearing density in different rearing systems indoors and outdoors are different, and there are many interference factors that may affect immune function ( 24 – 27 ). Therefore, it is difficult to explain the reasons for the differences in immune function and intestinal microbiota of chickens under different rearing systems, and it is difficult to find a target to improve the immune function of broiler chickens in cage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and Correlation Analysis of Immune Function and Gut Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Raised in Double-Layer Cages and Litter Floor Pens

Song

Yan

et al. 2022

Microbiol Spectr

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Transcriptome analysis of the bursa of Fabricius and thymus of laying ducks reveals immune gene expression changes underlying the impacts of stocking densities

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of cage vs. net-floor mixed rearing system on goose spleen histomorphology and gene expression profiles

Effects of cage vs. net-floor mixed rearing system on goose spleen histomorphology and gene expression profiles

Intergrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Differential Responses to Novel Duck Reovirus Infection in the Bursa of Fabricius of Cairna moschata

Comparison and Correlation Analysis of Immune Function and Gut Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Raised in Double-Layer Cages and Litter Floor Pens

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