Transcriptome analysis of the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes in response to blue light

Abstract

Lentinula edodes is one of the most popular edible mushrooms worldwide and contains important medicinal components such as lentinan, ergosterol, and eritadenine. Mushroom metabolism is regulated by the mycelia and fruit body using light; however, in mushrooms, the underlying molecular mechanisms controlling this process as well as light-induced gene expression remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we compared morphological changes and gene expression in the fruit bodies of L. edodes cultivated under blue light and continuous darkness. Our results showed that blue light primarily induced pileus growth (diameter and thickness) compared to dark cultivation. Alternatively, stipe length development was promoted by dark cultivation. We also performed RNAseq on L. edodes under the blue light/ dark cultivation conditions. A total of 12,051 genes were used for aligning the Illumina raw reads and 762 genes that showed fold change cut-offs of >|2| and significance p-values of <0.05 were selected under blue light condition. Among the genes which showed two-fold changed genes, 221 were upregulated and 541 were downregulated. In order to identify blue light induced candidate genes, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected according to 4-fold changes and validated by RT-PCR. We identified 8 upregulated genes under blue light condition, such as DDR48-heat shock protein, Fasciclin-domain-containing protein and carbohydrate esterase family 4 protein, FAD NAD-binding domain-containing protein that are involved in morphological development of primordium and embryonic muscle development, cell adhesion and affect the structure of cellulosic and non-cellulosic cell walls of fruit body development, and photoreceptor of blue light signaling for fruit body and pigment development, respectively. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of blue light in mushroom growth and development and can thus contribute to breeding programs to improve mushroom cultivation.

A thermal adaptation landscape related to virulence in Mucor irregularis transcriptional profiles

“…Ubiquinone and other terpenoid−quinone biosynth... domain-containing protein (B50aA0120), an important oxidoreductase with a role in electron transfer, 29 was significantly upregulated in group B, while ZIP zinc/iron transport family (B50aA1280) and potassium/sodium efflux P-type ATPase (B50aA4199) were all downregulated with higher expression in group B.…”

Macrosynteny analysis between Lentinula edodes and Lentinula novae-zelandiae reveals signals of domestication in Lentinula edodes

“…Work by many of the same authors has also developed quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with important agronomic traits 3 , 6 , 21 , 26 . Furthermore, RNA-Seq experiments have been conducted to understand how Shiitake responds to different environments and treatments 27 – 29 .…”

Comparative phosphoproteome analysis to identify candidate phosphoproteins involved in blue light-induced brown film formation inLentinula edodes

“…Several gene ontology (GO) classifications related to brown film formation were revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry approach and included small molecule metabolic processes, response to oxidative stress, and organic substance catabolic processes ( Tang et al, 2016 ). Kim et al (2020) compared the morphological changes and gene expression of Lentinus edodes under blue light and continuous dark conditions. Their results indicated that the differential genes were involved in the morphological development of primordia and embryonic muscle, cell adhesion and the structure of cellulose and non-cellulose cell walls that affect the development of fruiting bodies, as well as photoreceptors of blue light signals for fruiting body development and pigment formation ( Kim et al, 2020 ).…”

“… Kim et al (2020) compared the morphological changes and gene expression of Lentinus edodes under blue light and continuous dark conditions. Their results indicated that the differential genes were involved in the morphological development of primordia and embryonic muscle, cell adhesion and the structure of cellulose and non-cellulose cell walls that affect the development of fruiting bodies, as well as photoreceptors of blue light signals for fruiting body development and pigment formation ( Kim et al, 2020 ). Blue light is an important environmental factor in inducing primordial differentiation and the fruiting body development of mushrooms, such as Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pleurotus ostreatus , and Coprinus cinereus ( Kues et al, 1998 ; Terashima et al, 2005 ; Xie et al, 2018 ).…”

“…At least 100 kinds of fungi have light-perception systems, including red, blue, green, and near-violet ( Casas-Flores et al, 2006 ). Photoreceptors are proteins that harvest light and produce signals that are then transported to the nucleus to activate the transcription of light-responsive genes ( Hurley et al, 2012 ). The white collar-1/white collar-2 (WC-1/WC-2) complex is the main blue-light sensor in Neurospora crassa , a model organism for studying photoperiod ( Dunlap, 2006 ; Linden, 1997 ).…”