Transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae

DeLay, Bridget D.; Mamidala, Praveen; Wijeratne, Asela J.; Wijeratne, Saranga; Mittapalli, Omprakash; Wang, Jian; Lamp, William O.

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.10.002

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…asparagus is the host plant for 6.5% of steppic leaf beetles, Kajtoch et al, 2015) or numerous other arthropods that feed on the same host plant, among which other species infected by different strains of Wolbachia can be expected. Therefore, bacterial genes could be transmitted to the host plant from other insects, and the sap-sucking bugs are the group that may be most responsible for this (Caspi-Fluger et al, 2012;DeLay et al, 2012). The possibility that Crioceris beetles could transmit Wolbachia to their host plants and vice versa, during feeding, requires further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size of the two steppic species (C. 5-punctata, C. 14-punctata) and C. paracenthesis was limited due to the rarity of these species, both on leaves previously fed on by infected organisms (CaspiFluger et al, 2012). Recent studies indicate that phloem sap may be the source of such a contagion (DeLay, 2012;Li et al, 2016). However, there are only a few studies that attempt to disentangle the trophic interactions between the bacterium, its host and host plants (Vavre et al, 1999;Fenton et al, 2011), and comprehensive studies including all these trophic levels are still scarce.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary evidence of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between Crioceris leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their Asparagus host plants

Kolasa¹,

Montagna²,

Mereghetti³

et al. 2017

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Intracellular bacteria of the genus Wolbachia (α-Proteobacteria) are the most widespread endosymbionts of insects. Host infection is usually associated with alterations in reproduction, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, the induction of parthenogenesis and offspring sex ratio bias: all phenomena that may infl uence host speciation. In the present study, by using wellestablished molecular tools, we investigated the presence of Wolbachia in leaf beetles of the genus Crioceris and their host plants, which are various species of Asparagus. Multilocus sequence typing of bacterial genes showed that despite their occurrence in the same habitat and feeding on the same plant, two species of Crioceris, C. quinquepunctata and C. quatuordecimpunctata, are infected by two different strains of Wolbachia. C. asparagi, C. paracenthesis and C. duodecimpunctata, which are sympatric with the infected species, do not harbour the bacterium. Interestingly, DNA of Wolbachia was detected in host plant tissues that are exploited by the beetles, providing evidence for the horizontal transmission of the bacterium between beetles and their host plants. Moreover, Wolbachia was detected in species of Crioceris that are not closely related.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary evidence of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between Crioceris leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their Asparagus host plants

Kolasa¹,

Montagna²,

Mereghetti³

et al. 2017

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…S1, Supplementary Material online) were similar to those of genes expressed in the saliva and salivary glands of several insect species. Transcriptional profiles of the salivary glands from the potato leaf hopper ( Empoasca fabae ), the white fly ( Bemisia tabaci ) and the western flower thrip ( Frankliniella occidentalis ) show the majority of genes to fall into the GO term metabolic process, closely followed by cellular process, localization or biological regulation (DeLay et al 2012; Su et al 2012). Some specific classes of genes are thought to be particularly important to insect digestion, including lipases, trypsin-like serine proteases and glycoside hydrolases (Valenzuela et al 2003; Tunaz and Stanley 2004; Eberhard et al 2007; Hosseininaveh et al 2009; Shukle et al 2009), all of which were detected as being upregulated in the mouthparts of the five species examined (table 3 and supplementary table S5, Supplementary Material online).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Duplication and Gene Expression Changes Play a Role in the Evolution of Candidate Pollen Feeding Genes inHeliconiusButterflies

2016

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Heliconius possess a unique ability among butterflies to feed on pollen. Pollen feeding significantly extends their lifespan, and is thought to have been important to the diversification of the genus. We used RNA sequencing to examine feeding-related gene expression in the mouthparts of four species of Heliconius and one nonpollen feeding species, Eueides isabella. We hypothesized that genes involved in morphology and protein metabolism might be upregulated in Heliconius because they have longer proboscides than Eueides, and because pollen contains more protein than nectar. Using de novo transcriptome assemblies, we tested these hypotheses by comparing gene expression in mouthparts against antennae and legs. We first looked for genes upregulated in mouthparts across all five species and discovered several hundred genes, many of which had functional annotations involving metabolism of proteins (cocoonase), lipids, and carbohydrates. We then looked specifically within Heliconius where we found eleven common upregulated genes with roles in morphology (CPR cuticle proteins), behavior (takeout-like), and metabolism (luciferase-like). Closer examination of these candidates revealed that cocoonase underwent several duplications along the lineage leading to heliconiine butterflies, including two Heliconius-specific duplications. Luciferase-like genes also underwent duplication within lepidopterans, and upregulation in Heliconius mouthparts. Reverse-transcription PCR confirmed that three cocoonases, a peptidase, and one luciferase-like gene are expressed in the proboscis with little to no expression in labial palps and salivary glands. Our results suggest pollen feeding, like other dietary specializations, was likely facilitated by adaptive expansions of preexisting genes—and that the butterfly proboscis is involved in digestive enzyme production.

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“…Before plant penetration with their stylets, during stylet movement through the apoplast, penetration of cells, and ingestion, saliva is secreted by planthoppers (Wang et al, 2008), leafhoppers (Günthardt and Wanner, 1981; Harris et al, 1981; DeLay et al, 2012), aphids (Prado and Tjallingii, 1994; Tjallingii, 2006) as well as whiteflies (Morgan et al, 2013). Saliva has been suggested to play a key role in the interaction of insect pests and their respective host plants (reviewed in Walling, 2008).…”

Section: “Insects In Action”: How Phloem-feeding Insects Overwhelm Plmentioning

confidence: 99%

How phloem-feeding insects face the challenge of phloem-located defenses

2013

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Due to the high content of nutrient, sieve tubes are a primary target for pests, e.g., most phytophagous hemipteran. To protect the integrity of the sieve tubes as well as their content, plants possess diverse chemical and physical defense mechanisms. The latter mechanisms are important because they can potentially interfere with the food source accession of phloem-feeding insects. Physical defense mechanisms are based on callose as well as on proteins and often plug the sieve tube. Insects that feed from sieve tubes are potentially able to overwhelm these defense mechanisms using their saliva. Gel saliva forms a sheath in the apoplast around the stylet and is suggested to seal the stylet penetration site in the cell plasma membrane. In addition, watery saliva is secreted into penetrated cells including sieve elements; the presence of specific enzymes/effectors in this saliva is thought to interfere with plant defense responses. Here we detail several aspects of plant defense and discuss the interaction of plants and phloem-feeding insects. Recent agro-biotechnological phloem-located aphid control strategies are presented.

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Transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae

Cited by 51 publications

References 91 publications

Preliminary evidence of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between Crioceris leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their Asparagus host plants

Preliminary evidence of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between Crioceris leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their Asparagus host plants

Gene Duplication and Gene Expression Changes Play a Role in the Evolution of Candidate Pollen Feeding Genes inHeliconiusButterflies

How phloem-feeding insects face the challenge of phloem-located defenses

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