Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differences in Anthocyanin Accumulation in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Induced by Red and Blue Light

Abstract

Many factors, including illumination, affect anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in plants. light quality is the key factor affecting the process of photoinduced anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation. We observed that the red color of the Upland cotton accession Huiyuan with the R1 mutation turned to normal green color under light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which inspired us to investigate the effect of red and blue lights on the biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins. We found that both red and blue lights elevated accumulation of anthocyanins. Comparative transcriptomic analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and GSEA, revealed that genes differentially expressed under different light conditions were enriched with the pathways of circadian rhythm, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. Not surprisingly, all the major structural genes related to biosynthesis of anthocyanins, including the key regulatory MYB transcription factor (GhPAP1D) and anthocyanin transporter (GhGSTF12), were induced by red or blue light treatment. However, LARs and MATEs related to biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins were more significantly up-regulated by red light radiation than by blue light radiation. Vice versa, the accumulation of anthocyanins under red light was not as high as that under blue light. In addition, we demonstrated a potential role of GhHY5, a key regulator in plant circadian rhythms, in regulation of anthocyanin accumulation, which could be achieved via interaction with GhPAP1D. Together, these results indicate different effect of red and blue lights on biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins and a potential module including GhHY5 and GhPAP1D in regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in cotton. These results also suggest that the substrates responsible the synthesis of anthocyanins under blue light is diverted to biosynthesis of proanthocyanidin under red light.

Metabolite and transcriptome analyses reveal the effects of salinity stress on the biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins in grape suspension cells

“…Although flavonoid pathway was generally less active in H-7d samples compared with that of H-4d, the levels of PAs and anthocyanins were still increased as the salinity treatment prolonged ( Figure 4B ). This phenomenon might be partially attributed to the up-regulation of genes within the flavonoid pathway, as well as the enhanced transcription of genes related to photosynthesis, which produces precursors for flavonoids ( Shao et al., 2022 ). In addition to the biological processes and pathways mentioned above, both GO and KEGG analyses suggested that transcription factors (TFs) were also enriched in the DEGs whose expression were affected by the duration of H stress ( Figure 8E ).…”

Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals mechanism of light intensity modulating iridoid biosynthesis in Gentiana macrophylla Pall.

“…Differential analysis of three groups was performed using DESeq2 [ 29 ] to identify DEGs. The false discovery rate ( FDR ) correction p -value was calculated using the Benjamini-Hochberg method, and DEGs were identified according to FDR ≤ 0.05 and |log2 fold change| ≥ 1.0 [ 30 ].…”

Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals mechanism of light intensity modulating iridoids biosynthesis in Gentiana macrophylla Pall.

“…Differential analysis of three groups was performed using DESeq2 (Love, et al 2014) to identify DEGs. The false discovery rate (FDR) correction p-value was calculated using the Benjamini-Hochberg method, and DEGs were identi ed according to FDR ≤ 0.05 and |log2 fold change| ≥ 1.0 (Shao, et al 2022).…”