Transcriptome Changes Induced by Different Potassium Levels in Banana Roots

Abstract

Potassium plays an important role in enhancing plant resistance to biological and abiotic stresses and improving fruit quality. To study the effect of potassium nutrient levels on banana root growth and its regulation mechanism, four potassium concentrations were designed to treat banana roots from no potassium to high potassium. The results indicated that K2 (3 mmol/L K 2 SO 4 ) treatment was a relatively normal potassium concentration for the growth of banana root, and too high or too low potassium concentration was not conducive to the growth of banana root. By comparing the transcriptome data in each treatment in pairs, 4454 differentially expressed genes were obtained. There were obvious differences in gene function enrichment in root systems treated with different concentrations of potassium. Six significant expression profiles (profile 0, 1, 2, 7, 9 and 13) were identified by STEM analysis. The hub genes were FKF1, HsP70-1, NRT1/PTR5, CRY1, and ZIP11 in the profile 0; CYP51 in profile 1; SOS1 in profile 7; THA, LKR/SDH, MCC, C4H, CHI, F3 H, 2 PR1s, BSP, TLP, ICS, RO, chitinase and peroxidase in profile 9. Our results provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the gene regulation network in banana roots under different potassium stress.Plants 2020, 9, 11 2 of 24 area [18]. The lack of potassium had a significant effect on the growth of rapeseed, and the lack of potassium significantly inhibited the growth of taproots and lateral roots [19]. Potassium deficiency of tobacco decreased root growth and mainly affected the formation and elongation of primary lateral roots [20]. Low potassium not only significantly reduced the dry weight of cabbage root, but also reduced its leaf area [21]. Therefore, the morphological structure of root system was greatly affected by potassium stress. It is significant to study the response mechanism of root system under potassium stress. There has been extensive research on root structural changes in response to stress of nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate and the signaling pathways that mediate these changes [22], and practical breakthroughs have been made. However, the mechanism of root structural change and response to potassium stress is still unclear.With the purpose to explore the molecular mechanism of plant root response to potassium pressure, there are more and more reports on transcriptome, metabolome and proteomics of potassium stress (especially low potassium stress) in recent years. Transcriptome responses to K starvation in Arabidopsis thaliana [16], rice [4], soybean [23] and wild barley [24] indicated that genes related to ion transport, metabolism, signal transduction and protein phosphorylation significantly changed. Transcriptional analysis of sugarcane under low potassium stress showed significant differences in the expression of transcription factors, ion transporters, protein kinases and genes related to oxidative stress in the Ca 2+ signal and ethylene signal pathways [25]. The results of transcriptome of rice potassium deficient seedlings show...

Characterization of the FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1 Homolog SlFKF1 in Tomato as a Model for Plants with Fleshy Fruit

“…Auxin plays an important role in the growth and ripening of tomato fruit [ 56 ]. Another report suggested that potassium levels, which are important in fruit growth and quality, affect FKF1 expression in banana roots [ 31 ]. Therefore, the function of SlFKF1 may be related to auxin signaling and potassium nutrition in fruit.…”

“…Additionally, FKF1-like sequences are conserved on the genomes of many plant species regardless of photoperiod responsiveness; short-day plants rice and soybean have phylogenetically FKF1-orthologous genes [ 22 , 28 ]. A few reports have suggested the possible functions of FKF1, such as stem and root growth and potassium response [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. From these findings, it is expected that FKF1 plays various roles in plants.…”

Transcriptome Analysis Unravels Key Factors Involved in Response to Potassium Deficiency and Feedback Regulation of K+ Uptake in Cotton Roots

“…The expression of Nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter ( NRT1/PTR ) genes regulated by external potassium has been reported for Arabidopsis [ 31 ], rice [ 34 ], wheat [ 67 ], banana [ 47 ], and pear [ 37 ]. Consistently, we identified several up-regulated GhNRT2.1s in the roots of SCRC22/CCRI41 ( Figure 6 a, b).…”

“…In the last two decades, a number of authors have focused on low-K + stress using transcriptome, metabolome and proteomics analysis in model plants Arabidopsis and rice as well as other species [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. However, there are no such reports on cotton yet to our knowledge.…”

Transcriptome Analysis of Pyrus betulaefolia Seedling Root Responses to Short-Term Potassium Deficiency

“…Zhao [ 7 ] screened different watermelon genotypes with low-K tolerance and found that short-term K-deficiency treatment had no negative effects on the plants. Sun [ 8 ] demonstrated that low-K treatment inhibited the growth of an apple rootstock ( Malus xiaojinensis ), allowing it to tolerate low K. Furthermore, low K had little effect on the length of banana primary roots but reduced root hairs [ 9 ]. Low-K stress reduced the number of lateral roots of tomatoes and increased root hairs in a K-efficient genotype of tomatoes [ 10 ].…”