Transcriptome sequencing of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis under desiccation and starvation stress in peanut oil

Deng, Xiangyu; Li, Zengxin; Zhang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.fm.2011.11.001

Cited by 124 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, we found no significant differences in the thermal resistances or fold changes of S. Typhimurium genes among these three time points (P Ͼ 0.05). In contrast, Deng et al (11) observed that S. Enteritidis cells desiccated in peanut oil for 216 h appeared to have increased transcriptional activity compared with cells at 72 and 528 h. More interestingly, we noticed that four upregulated genes could be induced only within a short period of time (after 1 h but in less than 2 h). This finding thus demonstrated that S. Typhimurium cells could respond rapidly to desiccation stress while producing cross-tolerance to thermal stress once they are exposed to the conditions in aged broiler litter.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…Conflicting results, however, were obtained in the present study; no induction of the fadA gene was detected in S. Typhimurium under desiccation conditions in aged broiler litter (P Ͼ 0.05). Similarly, some authors also observed no expression of the fadA gene in Salmonella in response to various desiccation conditions (11,12,14). This discrepancy could possibly be accounted for by the different water activities accompanying different methods used to develop a desiccation environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gruzdev et al (14) reported an induction of the dnaK gene in S. Typhimurium cells dehydrated in a petri dish for 22 h. When Deng et al (11) studied the transcriptomic response of S. Enteritidis to desiccation in peanut oil (a w , 0.30) for 72, 216, and 528 h, transcription of the dnaK gene was observed. It can thus be hypothesized that the upregulation of some heat-tolerant genes under preadaptive desiccation stress could potentially confer resistance to subsequent lethal heat stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deng et al (11) reported that transcriptions of the cspA, sigDE, and dps genes were detected in S. Enteritidis in peanut oil. However, none of these genes was upregulated in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Desiccation-associated genes were selected based on data reported in the literature (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed in a Mastercycler ep gradient S thermal cycler (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) using the SuperScript III Platinum SYBR green one-step qRT-PCR kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Resistance and Gene Expression of both Desiccation-Adapted and Rehydrated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Cells in Aged Broiler Litter

Zhao

Jiang

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The objective of this study was to investigate the thermal resistance and gene expression of both desiccation-adapted and rehydrated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium cells in aged broiler litter. S. Typhimurium was desiccation adapted in aged broiler litter with a 20% moisture content (water activity [a w ], 0.81) for 1, 2, 3, 12, or 24 h at room temperature and then rehydrated for 3 h. As analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), the rpoS, proV, dnaK, and grpE genes were upregulated (P Ͻ 0.05) under desiccation stress and could be induced after 1 h but in less than 2 h. Following rehydration, fold changes in the levels of these four genes became significantly lower (P Ͻ 0.05). The desiccation-adapted ΔrpoS mutant was less heat resistant at 75°C than was the desiccation-adapted wild type (P Ͻ 0.05), whereas there were no differences in heat resistance between desiccation-adapted mutants in two nonregulated genes (otsA and PagfD) and the desiccation-adapted wild type (P Ͼ 0.05). Survival characteristics of the desiccation-adapted ΔPagfD (rdar [red, dry, and rough] morphotype) and ΔagfD (saw [smooth and white] morphotype) mutants were similar (P Ͼ 0.05). Trehalose synthesis in the desiccation-adapted wild type was not induced compared to a nonadapted control (P Ͼ 0.05). Our results demonstrated the importance of the rpoS, proV, dnaK, and grpE genes in the desiccation survival of S. Typhimurium. By using an ΔrpoS mutant, we found that the rpoS gene was involved in the crossprotection of desiccation-adapted S. Typhimurium against high temperatures, while trehalose synthesis or rdar morphology did not play a significant role in this phenomenon. In summary, S. Typhimurium could respond rapidly to low-a w conditions in aged broiler litter while developing cross-protection against high temperatures, but this process could be reversed upon rehydration.IMPORTANCE Physical heat treatment is effective in eliminating human pathogens from poultry litter used as biological soil amendments. However, prior to physical heat treatment, some populations of microorganisms may be adapted to the stressful conditions in poultry litter during composting or stockpiling, which may cross-protect them against subsequent high temperatures. Our previous study demonstrated that desiccation-adapted S. enterica cells in aged broiler litter exhibited enhanced thermal resistance. However, there is limited research on the underlying mechanisms of the extended survival of pathogens under desiccation conditions in animal wastes and cross-tolerance to subsequent heat treatment. Moreover, no information is available about the thermal resistance of desiccationadapted microorganisms in response to rehydration. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the gene expression and thermal resistance of both desiccationadapted and rehydrated S. Typhimurium in aged broiler litter. This work will guide future research efforts to control human pathogens in animal wastes used as biological soil amendments.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deng et al (11) reported that transcriptions of the cspA, sigDE, and dps genes were detected in S. Enteritidis in peanut oil. However, none of these genes was upregulated in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%