Transcriptomic analysis of berry development and a corresponding analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis in teinturier grape

Abstract

Teinturier cultivars of grape (Vitis vinifera) accumulate anthocyanins in both the skin and pulp of grape berries. RNA-seq and HPLC/MS were used to elucidate the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in whole grape berries of a new source of teinturier germplasm, ZhongShan-HongYu (ZS-HY). Berries were sampled at 3 days after anthesis (3 DAA, green-pulp), 6 days after anthesis (6 DAA, pulpveraison), 22 days after anthesis (22 DAA, pulp-half-colored), and at maturity (77 DAA). Results indicated that total anthocyanin levels increased with berry development. The relative content of anthocyanins was different in the pulp vs. skin. Besides, Pelargonidin-3-O-monoglucoside, which unable to be produced in most varieties of Vitis vinifera, was detected in ZS-HY. RNA-seq analysis result that a total of 56 candidate genes, including 30 structural and 26 regulatory genes, were identified that putatively participate in biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanins in ZS-HY. A KEGG analysis indicated that photosynthesisantenna proteins and photosynthesis, which is significantly enriched in response to light, is proposed to be responsible for the regulation of anthocyanin production in teinturier grapes by light. The present study provides the first transcriptomic analysis of teinturier grapes and provides a foundation for further studies that will assist in the breeding of high-quality teinturier grapes.

The Effect of Foliar Application of K2SO4 or KH2PO4 on Skin Color of the ‘Kyoho’ Grape

“…Red wines and red grapes are important source of anthocyanins for the human diet [4]. As a result, consumers, farmers and researchers are becoming more interested in the cultivation of grapes with good aesthetics [7].…”

Genome-Wide Identification of Glutathione S-Transferase and Expression Analysis in Response to Anthocyanin Transport in the Flesh of the New Teinturier Grape Germplasm ‘Zhongshan-HongYu’

“…The extraction of anthocyanin was carried out according to the previous description [ 30 ] and measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which was performed based on the previously reported protocol [ 60 ]. The mobile phases of aqueous 1% formic acid and methanol were employed for analysis at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min −1 .…”

“…Peonidin and petunidin derivatives form important components of anthocyanins in Yan-73 flesh. According to our previous research, the main anthocyanins in the ‘Zhongshan-HongYu’ (ZS-HY) flesh are malvide and peonidin derivatives, and their contents are very similar [ 30 ]. Unlike in ‘Alicante Bouschet’ and ‘Yan-73’, 52 DDA and 55 DDA (days after anthesis), there was a transition in berry color, and the flesh of ‘ZS-HY’ began to turn red 7–10 days after anthesis [ 31 ].…”