Transcriptomic Analysis of Ethylene-Induced Tolerance to Non-Chilling Peel Pitting in Citrus Fruit

Establés-Ortíz, Beatriz; Lafuente, Marı́a T.; González-Candelas, Luı́s; Forment, Javier; Gadea, J.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2009.839.76

Cited by 7 publications

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“…The situation may not be simple, as ethylene stimulates respiration in citrus fruit (McCollum and Maul,2007) and therefore might enhance sucrose consumption (Holland et al,2002). Nevertheless, it should be kept in mind that under our experimental conditions the ethylene‐induced rises in respiration and membrane deterioration are noticeably lower than those induced by 1‐MCP, and that 1‐MCP inhibits ethylene perception and hence may block other protective mechanisms induced by ethylene (Establés‐Ortíz et al,2009; González‐Candelas et al,2010) that would not be easily detected by ultrastructural analysis. Interestingly, oxidative stress has been related to ethylene‐induced acclimation of plants to stress (Lee et al,1998; Munné‐Bosch et al,2004), and previous observations highlight the importance of the antioxidant enzymatic system in the protective effect of ethylene in reducing peel collapse in citrus fruit (Cajuste and Lafuente,2007; Sala and Lafuente,2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Interestingly, oxidative stress has been related to ethylene‐induced acclimation of plants to stress (Lee et al,1998; Munné‐Bosch et al,2004), and previous observations highlight the importance of the antioxidant enzymatic system in the protective effect of ethylene in reducing peel collapse in citrus fruit (Cajuste and Lafuente,2007; Sala and Lafuente,2004). Likewise, ethylene treatments that are effective in reducing damage activate phenylpropanoid metabolism (Cajuste and Lafuente,2007; Establés‐Ortíz et al,2009), while a number of Citrus flavonoids act against harmful reactive oxygen species (Benavente‐García et al,1997). In this context, it is interesting to note that the ethylene treatments assayed in the present work favored not only the deposition of pectic polysaccharides substances in the peel, which indicates a cell wall reaction to a persistent slow intercellular oxidative process in plants (Günthardt‐Goerg and Vollenweider,2007), but also other oxidative stress‐related mechanisms, such as starch mobilization and the alteration of cuticle and vacuole (Asensi‐Fabado et al,2010; Günthardt‐Goerg and Vollenweider,2007; Reig‐Armiñana et al,2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural and histochemical analysis reveals ethylene‐induced responses underlying reduced peel collapse in detached citrus fruit

Cajuste¹,

García‐Breijo²,

Reig‐Armiñana³

et al. 2011

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This is the accepted version of the following article: Cajuste, J.; García Breijo, FJ.; Reig Armiñana, J.; Lafuente, M. (2011 ABSTRACTFruits from many citrus cultivars develop depressed areas in the flavedo (outer part of the peel) and albedo (inner part) following detachment. Although ultrastructural analysis may provide important information about multiple plant responses to stresses and external stimuli at the cell and tissue levels, and despite the proved efficacy of ethylene in reducing peel damage in citrus fruit, cytological responses of this horticultural crop to protective ethylene concentrations have not yet been reported. We show that applying high ethylene levels (2 lL L 21 for 14 days) causes sublethal stress as it favored the alteration of cuticle, vacuole, middle lamella and primary wall, especially in the albedo cells, but reduced peel collapse in detached mature ''Navelate'' oranges (C. sinensis, L. Osbeck) held under nonstressful environmental conditions (228C and 90295% RH). Ethylene did not induce relevant changes in lignification but favored the deposition of pectic exudates and the release of sugars from degradation of cell polysaccharides including starch, cellulose, and pectins. In contrast, inhibiting ethylene perception by applying 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) reduced these ethylene-related responses and favored degradation of cell membranes and peel damage. The overall results reflect that mature oranges tolerate high ethylene levels that might favor the activation of defense responses involving oxidative-stress related mechanisms and recycling of nutrients and carbon supply to enable cells to sustain respiration and cope with carbon deprivation stress caused by detachment. Microsc. Res. Tech. 74:970-979, 2011. V

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural and histochemical analysis reveals ethylene‐induced responses underlying reduced peel collapse in detached citrus fruit

Cajuste¹,

García‐Breijo²,

Reig‐Armiñana³

et al. 2011

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…The fact that transient increase in ethylene production upon transfer was more acute as fruits matured (Figure 3), similarly to the increase in peel damage (Figure 2), but not in green tissues which possess better ability to adjust water status, supports this idea. The involvement of ethylene in the protection to rind staining in Navel oranges has been suggested, as an exogenous application of the gas for 4 days has been shown to reduce incidence of the blemish (Cajuste and Lafuente, 2007) and inhibition of its action by 1-MCP exacerbated peel pitting (Estables et al. 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have observed that changes in RH during postharvest storage were associated with a marked increase in respiration and ethylene production, which appears to be wound-related responses (Alferez et al., 2003). Interestingly, exposure of Navel fruit to exogenous ethylene for few days reduced incidence of the damage (Cajuste et al., 2007) and contrary, a pre-treatment with the ethylene action inhibitor 1-MCP accelerated and increased severity of the disorder (Estables et al., 2009), suggesting that the ethylene is part of the fruit defense response to cope with postharvest stress conditions inducing peel pitting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of fruit maturity in the susceptibility of Navelina oranges to develop postharvest non-chilling peel pitting

Alférez

Zacarı́as

2013

Food sci. technol. int.

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Peel pitting is a disorder occurring mostly during postharvest storage at non-chilling temperatures in different varieties of citrus fruit and consists in collapse of flavedo and albedo tissues that may affect oil glands. It has been demonstrated that during postharvest, sharp variations in water potential of cells from flavedo and albedo are sufficient to provoke fractures in cell walls from external albedo resulting in tissue collapse. However, morphology and composition of cells and cell walls in flavedo and albedo varies during fruit maturation and this may affect water flow through the different fruit peel layers and susceptibility of fruit to develop peel pitting. In this paper, we have studied the influence of the stage of maturation in the susceptibility of Navelina orange to develop peel pitting. Except in mature-green fruit, peel pitting increased with maturation after transferring fruit from 45% to 95% relative humidity and was also more severe as more dehydrated was the tissue before transference. Also, differences in water potential of fruit maintained at 45 or 95% relative humidity increased as fruit matured, suggesting that tissue reduces the ability of water adjustment during maturation. In this sense, only mature-green fruit flavedo was able to recover water potential when transferred from 45 to 95% relative humidity. Ethylene production upon transfer from low to high relative humidity increased only in mature tissue and was rapid and transient, and before initial symptoms of peel pitting. Flavedo and albedo water potential (ψw) was substantially reduced during fruit maturation. As lower was the ψw of freshly harvested fruit, minor variations were observed by changes in the storage relative humidity and higher the induced damage. Therefore, the increasing susceptibility of Navelina fruits to develop peel pitting with fruit maturation may be related to a reduced ability to regulate peel evapotranspiration and osmotic adjustment during postharvest storage.

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“…Conversely, the severe peel damage in the 1-MCP-treated fruit was accompanied by marked changes in the expression of genes related to programmed cell death belonging to the ubiquitination and proteosome pathways, resembling the plant's defense response in an incompatible interaction (Establés-Ortiz et al, 2009). In Citrus, non-chilling peel pitting is reduced by treatment with 10 μl/l ethylene during storage at 22 C and 90À95% RH; counter-wise peel damage is enhanced by 1-MCP.…”

Section: Ethylene and Ethylene Antagonistsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Innovative and Integrated Approaches to Investigating Postharvest Stress Physiology and the Biological Basis of Fruit Quality During Storage

Tonutti

Bonghi

2014

Postharvest Handling

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Ethylene-Induced Tolerance to Non-Chilling Peel Pitting in Citrus Fruit

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrastructural and histochemical analysis reveals ethylene‐induced responses underlying reduced peel collapse in detached citrus fruit

Ultrastructural and histochemical analysis reveals ethylene‐induced responses underlying reduced peel collapse in detached citrus fruit

Influence of fruit maturity in the susceptibility of Navelina oranges to develop postharvest non-chilling peel pitting

Innovative and Integrated Approaches to Investigating Postharvest Stress Physiology and the Biological Basis of Fruit Quality During Storage

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