Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Detoxification Mechanism of Chilo suppressalis in Response to the Novel Pesticide Cyproflanilide

Abstract

Chilo suppressalis is one of the most damaging rice pests in China’s rice-growing regions. Chemical pesticides are the primary method for pest control; the excessive use of insecticides has resulted in pesticide resistance. C. suppressalis is highly susceptible to cyproflanilide, a novel pesticide with high efficacy. However, the acute toxicity and detoxification mechanisms remain unclear. We carried out a bioassay experiment with C. suppressalis larvae and found that the LD10, LD30 and LD50 of cyproflanilide for 3rd instar larvae was 1.7 ng/per larvae, 6.62 ng/per larvae and 16.92 ng/per larvae, respectively. Moreover, our field trial results showed that cyproflanilide had a 91.24% control efficiency against C. suppressalis. We investigated the effect of cyproflanilide (LD30) treatment on the transcriptome profiles of C. suppressalis larvae and found that 483 genes were up-regulated and 305 genes were down-regulated in response to cyproflanilide exposure, with significantly higher CYP4G90 and CYP4AU10 expression in the treatment group. The RNA interference knockdown of CYP4G90 and CYP4AU10 increased mortality by 20% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control. Our results indicate that cyproflanilide has effective insecticidal toxicological activity, and that the CYP4G90 and CYP4AU10 genes are involved in detoxification metabolism. These findings provide an insight into the toxicological basis of cyproflanilide and the means to develop efficient resistance management tools for C. suppressalis.

Resistance monitoring in field populations of Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Hubei Province to four insecticides in 2019–2022

“…For moderate and high resistance populations, using other insecticides with different target of action, such as spinetoram and tetraniliprole, in combination with biological and physical methods is recommended to slow down the development of resistance. Continuous use of a single insecticide should be avoided (Xu et al, 2019), and some research has shown that tetraniliprole as a new type of insecticide had an enhanced effect in controlling C. suppressalis compared to traditional insecticides (Li et al, 2019;Zhou et al, 2022). Therefore, al- clothianidin in combined with chlorantraniliprole granules application is not only beneficial to control C. suppressalis but also improving rice quality and production (Zhuang et al, 2022).…”

Synthetic Approaches to the 2019–2020 New Agrochemicals

“…Both products are propesticides, 45 as broflanilide and cyproflanilide are metabolized by CYP 450 -mediated bioactivation to the corresponding N-demethylated and N-decyclopropylmethylated active principles. 5 Cyproflanilide ( 30) is highly active against important insect species, such as Chilo suppressalis (Asiatic rice borer), 46 Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) 47 and Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid). 48 The synthesis of cyproflanilide ( 30) starts from the decafluorinated aniline 32, 49 which reacts with a disubstituted benzoyl chloride to afford the amide 33.…”