Transcriptomic Changes in Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus Root Nodules during Drought Stress

Sańko-Sawczenko, Izabela; Łotocka, Barbara; Mielecki, Jakub; Rekosz-Burlaga, Hanna; Czarnocka, Weronika

doi:10.3390/ijms20051204

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Other studies have indicated that drought induces similar changes in both determinate-and indeterminate-type nodules (Gil-Quintana et al, 2015). The differences in gene expression were attributed to different nodule types (Sańko-Sawczenko et al, 2019). Dehydration of the cell membrane causes damage to the lipid bilayer, and this can jeopardize the bacterial survival during drought (Bushby and Marshall, 1977).…”

Section: Droughtmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rhizobial–Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability

2021

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Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) process makes legume crops self-sufficient in nitrogen (N) in sharp contrast to cereal crops that require an external input by N-fertilizers. Since the latter process in cereal crops results in a huge quantity of greenhouse gas emission, the legume production systems are considered efficient and important for sustainable agriculture and climate preservation. Despite benefits of SNF, and the fact that chemical N-fertilizers cause N-pollution of the ecosystems, the focus on improving SNF efficiency in legumes did not become a breeder’s priority. The size and stability of heritable effects under different environment conditions weigh significantly on any trait useful in breeding strategies. Here we review the challenges and progress made toward decoding the heritable components of SNF, which is considerably more complex than other crop allelic traits since the process involves genetic elements of both the host and the symbiotic rhizobial species. SNF-efficient rhizobial species designed based on the genetics of the host and its symbiotic partner face the test of a unique microbiome for its success and productivity. The progress made thus far in commercial legume crops with relevance to the dynamics of host–rhizobia interaction, environmental impact on rhizobial performance challenges, and what collectively determines the SNF efficiency under field conditions are also reviewed here.

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Section: Droughtmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rhizobial–Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability

2021

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“…The expression of SUS1 genes (gene IDs MS.gene030241 and Medtr4g124660 for Ms and Mt, respectively) was quantified by qRT-PCR using the F-box/ankyrin repeat SKIP35-like proteinencoding gene as a reference (gene IDs MS.gene95033 and Medtr4g134960 for Ms and Mt, respectively; Sañko-Sawczenko et al, 2019). cDNA synthesis, qRT-PCR, DNase I treatment, and data analysis were conducted as previously described (Le et al, 2012).…”

Section: Phylogenetic and Expression Analyses Of The Sus Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula Show Contrasting Root Metabolic Responses to Drought

Echeverria

Larrainzar

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Drought is an environmental stressor that affects crop yield worldwide. Understanding plant physiological responses to stress conditions is needed to secure food in future climate conditions. In this study, we applied a combination of plant physiology and metabolomic techniques to understand plant responses to progressive water deficit focusing on the root system. We chose two legume plants with contrasting tolerance to drought, the widely cultivated alfalfa Medicago sativa (Ms) and the model legume Medicago truncatula (Mt) for comparative analysis. Ms taproot (tapR) and Mt fibrous root (fibR) biomass increased during drought, while a progressive decline in water content was observed in both species. Metabolomic analysis allowed the identification of key metabolites in the different tissues tested. Under drought, carbohydrates, abscisic acid, and proline predominantly accumulated in leaves and tapRs, whereas flavonoids increased in fibRs in both species. Raffinose-family related metabolites accumulated during drought. Along with an accumulation of root sucrose in plants subjected to drought, both species showed a decrease in sucrose synthase (SUS) activity related to a reduction in the transcript level of SUS1, the main SUS gene. This study highlights the relevance of root carbon metabolism during drought conditions and provides evidence on the specific accumulation of metabolites throughout the root system.

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“…(GO) enrichment analysis was carried out for root and shoot DEGs in order to determine the most represented GO terms for molecular function and biological processes (Figure 1). GO enrichment analysis has recently been used in several analyses of L. japonicus transcriptomes [35][36][37]. The most over-represented GO terms in roots were related to metabolism (catalytic activity, biosynthetic process), probably as a consequence of the different nitrogen regimes of Nod and NN plants.…”

Section: Transcriptomic Analysis Of Lotus Japonicus Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Analysis of L. japonicus Symbiosis Reveals New Candidate Genes for Local and Systemic Regulation of Nodule Function

et al. 2020

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Several aspects of the legume–rhizobia symbiosis are far from being completely understood, such as the transport of compounds through the symbiosome membrane and the molecular actors (receptors, transcription factors and hormones) involved in the systemic regulation of nodulation. In this work, the transcriptomes of L. japonicus plants growing under symbiotic or non-symbiotic conditions were studied in roots and shoots, in order to look for new genes involved in nodule function and regulation both at the local and systemic levels. Several of the genes differentially expressed in roots were well-known nodulins; however, other genes with unknown function were also discovered that showed univocal nodule-specific expression profiles. Transporters of the Nitrate Transporter1/Peptide Transporter Family family, putative oligopeptide transporters, as well as other uncharacterized transporters were upregulated in nodulated roots. Five transcription factors, as well as receptors/kinases and an f-box domain containing protein, all of unknown function, were also more upregulated in nodulated roots. In the shoots of nodulated plants, genes involved in jasmonic acid and indole-3-acetic acid metabolism were differentially expressed. Moreover, three genes encoding for different glutaredoxins, proteins that were recently involved in the systemic signaling of the Arabidopsis nitrogen status, were highly downregulated in the leaves of nodulated plants. Protein–protein interaction network analysis identified nitrate reductase as a central hub in nitrogen metabolism, and a putative protein of the NADH-ubiquinone complex was highly connected to several SWEET transporters. Clustering analysis of the differentially expressed genes also suggested a possible role for a previously uncharacterized ethylene-responsive transcription factor and for LBD38 homologs in L. japonicus nodule function. The new genes identified in this study represent a promising target for the understating and manipulation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, with the aim of improving crop legumes’ productivity.

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Transcriptomic Changes in Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus Root Nodules during Drought Stress

Cited by 18 publications

References 118 publications

Rhizobial–Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability

Rhizobial–Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability

Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula Show Contrasting Root Metabolic Responses to Drought

Transcriptomic Analysis of L. japonicus Symbiosis Reveals New Candidate Genes for Local and Systemic Regulation of Nodule Function

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