Transcriptomic Response to Feeding and Starvation in a Herbivorous Dinoflagellate

Rubin, Ewelina; Cheng, Shu; Montalbano, Amanda L.; Menden‐Deuer, Susanne; Rynearson, Tatiana A.

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00246

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…2C and 2D). After 20 days near complete depletion of fatty alcohols was observed, consistent with observations of increased expression of genes involved in lipid degradation in starved O. marina (Rubin et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The lipid class composition of O. marina is comparable to what has been previously observed in dinoflagellates and phytoplankton (Harvey et al, 1988; Bourdier & Amblard, 1989; Yoon et al, 2017). Nutrient deprived O. marina have been shown to decrease cell volume by 17–57% (Anderson & Menden-Deuer, 2017) and increase expression of genes involved in the degradation of lipids (Rubin et al, 2019) suggesting a homeostatic requirement for O. marina to maintain relative amounts of each lipid class as cell volume decreases and stress-induced catabolism progresses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic upgrading and mobilization of wax esters in microzooplankton

Roohani

Haubrich

Yue

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Heterotrophic protists play pivotal roles in aquatic ecosystems by transferring matter and energy, including lipids, from primary producers to higher trophic predators. Using Oxyrrhis marina as a model organism, changes to the non-saponifiable protist lipids were investigated under satiation and starvation conditions. During active feeding on the alga Cryptomonas sp., the O. marina hexane soluble non-saponifiable fraction lipid profile reflected its food source with the observed presence of long chain mono-unsaturated fatty alcohols up to C25:1. Evidence of trophic upgrading in O. marina was observed with long chain mono-unsaturated fatty alcohol accumulation of up to C35:1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence that heterotrophic dinoflagellates are capable of producing ester derived alcohols and that dinoflagellates like O. marina are capable of synthesizing fatty alcohols up to C35. Additionally, we show evidence of trophic upgrading of lipids. During a 20-day resource deprivation, the lipid profile remained constant. During starvation, the mobilization of wax esters as energy stores was observed with long chain fatty alcohols mobilized first. Changes in lipid class profile and utilization of wax esters in O. marina provides insight into the types of lipids available for energy demand, the transfer of lipids through the base of marine food webs, and the catabolic response induced by resource deprivation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic upgrading and mobilization of wax esters in microzooplankton

Roohani

Haubrich

Yue

et al. 2019

PeerJ

Self Cite

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“…Phototrophic metabolism, for example, is recognizable in protistan transcriptomic data because photosynthetic pathways are well-studied and highly conserved across taxonomic groups (Becker et al, 2021;Worden et al, 2015). Pathways involved in protistan heterotrophic metabolism are less welldescribed, but some recent studies have begun to characterize heterotrophic metabolism using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches (Burns et al, 2018;Koppelle et al, 2022;Labarre et al, 2020;Lambert et al, 2022;McKie-Krisberg et al, 2018;Obiol et al, 2023;Rubin et al, 2019;Yutin et al, 2009). Culture-based transcriptomic studies have aided our ability to identify specific proteins and pathways that may be associated with grazing processes in protists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protistan community composition and metabolism in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: Influences of mesoscale eddies and depth

Gleich,

Hu,

Krinos

et al. 2023

Environmental Microbiology

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Marine protists and their metabolic activities are intricately tied to the cycling of nutrients and the flow of energy through microbial food webs. Physiochemical changes in the environment, such as those that result from mesoscale eddies, may impact protistan communities, but the effects that such changes have on protists are poorly known. A metatranscriptomic study was conducted to investigate how eddies affected protists at adjacent cyclonic and anticyclonic eddy sites in the oligotrophic ocean at four depths from 25 to 250 m. Eddy polarity impacted protists at all depths sampled, although the effects of eddy polarity were secondary to the impact of depth across the depth range. Eddy‐induced vertical shifts in the water column yielded differences in the cyclonic and anticyclonic eddy protistan communities, and these differences were the most pronounced at and just below the deep chlorophyll maximum. An analysis of transcripts associated with protistan nutritional physiology at 150 m revealed that cyclonic eddies may support a more heterotrophic community, while anticyclonic eddies promote a more phototrophic community. The results of this study indicate that eddies alter the metabolism of protists particularly in the lower euphotic zone and may therefore impact carbon export from the euphotic zone.

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“…However, these studies do not provide a detailed model of how gene expression changes during phagocytic growth, and this could be readily studied by differential expression (DE) analyses of cells actively preying versus starved ones. This experiment has rarely been performed [ 21 , 22 ], due to the lack of cultured ecological models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression during bacterivorous growth of a widespread marine heterotrophic flagellate

et al. 2020

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Phagocytosis is a fundamental process in marine ecosystems by which prey organisms are consumed and their biomass incorporated in food webs or remineralized. However, studies searching for the genes underlying this key ecological process in free-living phagocytizing protists are still scarce, in part due to the lack of appropriate ecological models. Our reanalysis of recent molecular datasets revealed that the cultured heterotrophic flagellate Cafeteria burkhardae is widespread in the global oceans, which prompted us to design a transcriptomics study with this species, grown with the cultured flavobacterium Dokdonia sp. We compared the gene expression between exponential and stationary phases, which were complemented with three starvation by dilution phases that appeared as intermediate states. We found distinct expression profiles in each condition and identified 2056 differentially expressed genes between exponential and stationary samples. Upregulated genes at the exponential phase were related to DNA duplication, transcription and translational machinery, protein remodeling, respiration and phagocytosis, whereas upregulated genes in the stationary phase were involved in signal transduction, cell adhesion, and lipid metabolism. We identified a few highly expressed phagocytosis genes, like peptidases and proton pumps, which could be used to target this ecologically relevant process in marine ecosystems.

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Transcriptomic Response to Feeding and Starvation in a Herbivorous Dinoflagellate

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

Trophic upgrading and mobilization of wax esters in microzooplankton

Trophic upgrading and mobilization of wax esters in microzooplankton

Protistan community composition and metabolism in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: Influences of mesoscale eddies and depth

Gene expression during bacterivorous growth of a widespread marine heterotrophic flagellate

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