Transcriptomic Signatures of Tacaribe Virus-Infected Jamaican Fruit Bats

Gerrard, Diana L.; Hawkinson, Ann; Sherman, Tyler; Modahl, Cassandra M.; Hume, G; Campbell, Corey L.; Schountz, Tony; Frietze, Seth

doi:10.1128/msphere.00245-17

Cited by 26 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Examples of NW viruses are Junin virus -Argentina 152 , Machupo virus -Bolívia 153 , Sabiá virus -Brazil 154 , and Guanarito virus -Venezuela 155 . Sigmodontinae rodents are the main hosts of this class, even though Tacaribe virus has already been described in bats 156 and Amblyomma americanum ticks 157 .…”

Section: Arenavirus (Av)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Gravinatti

Barbosa

Soares

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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This review focuses on reports of hepatitis E virus, hantavirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, and arenavirus in synanthropic rodents (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, and Mus musculus) within urban environments. Despite their potential impact on human health, relatively few studies have addressed the monitoring of these viruses in rodents. Comprehensive control and preventive activities should include actions such as the elimination or reduction of rat and mouse populations, sanitary education, reduction of shelters for the animals, and restriction of the access of rodents to residences, water, and food supplies.

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Section: Arenavirus (Av)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Gravinatti

Barbosa

Soares

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Sera collected at euthanasia indicated modest antibody titers of 3200 for each bat by ELISA (Table 1), whereas the human -convalescent control serum titer was ≥12,800. Bats typically have low to modest antibody titers, perhaps due to limited somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation [15–22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Zika virus infection of Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) and possible entry of virus into brain via activated microglial cells

et al. 2019

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The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the New World has led to more than 200,000 human infections. Perinatal infection can cause severe neurological complications, including fetal and neonatal microcephaly, and in adults there is an association with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). ZIKV is transmitted to humans by Aedes sp. mosquitoes, yet little is known about its enzootic cycle in which transmission is thought to occur between arboreal Aedes sp. mosquitos and non-human primates. In the 1950s and ‘60s, several bat species were shown to be naturally and experimentally susceptible to ZIKV with acute viremia and seroconversion, and some developed neurological disease with viral antigen detected in the brain. Because of ZIKV emergence in the Americas, we sought to determine susceptibility of Jamaican fruit bats ( Artibeus jamaicensis ), one of the most common bats in the New World. Bats were inoculated with ZIKV PRVABC59 but did not show signs of disease. Bats held to 28 days post-inoculation (PI) had detectable antibody by ELISA and viral RNA was detected by qRT-PCR in the brain, saliva and urine in some of the bats. Immunoreactivity using polyclonal anti-ZIKV antibody was detected in testes, brain, lung and salivary glands plus scrotal skin. Tropism for mononuclear cells, including macrophages/microglia and fibroblasts, was seen in the aforementioned organs in addition to testicular Leydig cells. The virus likely localized to the brain via infection of Iba1 + macrophage/microglial cells. Jamaican fruit bats, therefore, may be a useful animal model for the study of ZIKV infection. This work also raises the possibility that bats may have a role in Zika virus ecology in endemic regions, and that ZIKV may pose a wildlife disease threat to bat populations.

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“…In contrast, in human cells, RNase-L is not directly stimulated by interferon but via an intermediate molecule, 2′,5′-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase [26]. Similarly, direct activation of RNase-L was also observed in in vivo experiments with Jamaican fruit bats ( Artibeus jamaicensis ) [27]. Inactivation of the RNase-L gene renders bat cells more susceptible to virus infection and direct induction of RNase-L may provide bats with an additional layer of antiviral defense [25].…”

Section: Bats Have An Efficient and Varied Antiviral Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Immune System Modulation and Viral Persistence in Bats: Understanding Viral Spillover

Subudhi

Rapin

Misra

2019

Viruses

128

141

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Bats harbor a myriad of viruses and some of these viruses may have spilled over to other species including humans. Spillover events are rare and several factors must align to create the “perfect storm” that would ultimately lead to a spillover. One of these factors is the increased shedding of virus by bats. Several studies have indicated that bats have unique defense mechanisms that allow them to be persistently or latently infected with viruses. Factors leading to an increase in the viral load of persistently infected bats would facilitate shedding of virus. This article reviews the unique nature of bat immune defenses that regulate virus replication and the various molecular mechanisms that play a role in altering the balanced bat–virus relationship.

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Transcriptomic Signatures of Tacaribe Virus-Infected Jamaican Fruit Bats

Cited by 26 publications

References 75 publications

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Experimental Zika virus infection of Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) and possible entry of virus into brain via activated microglial cells

Immune System Modulation and Viral Persistence in Bats: Understanding Viral Spillover

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