Transcripts for Functionally Distinct Isoforms of Chicken GATA-5 Are Differentially Expressed from Alternative First Exons

MacNeill, Colin; Ayres, Brandon D.; Laverrière, A; Burch, John

doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8396

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It has been described in the mouse, and as noted above, in that organism the upstream promoter appears to be utilized primarily in hematopoietic cells, whereas the promoter proximal to the gene is used in all tissues. The existence of alternative first exons has also been observed for other members of the GATA family (30,44,45). For example, the mouse GATA-1 gene is transcribed from alternative first exons, at least in mouse erythroleukemia and MC/9 mast cells (30).…”

Section: The Ccaat Element Of the Minimal Promoter Includes A Previoumentioning

confidence: 90%

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Alternate Promoters and Developmental Modulation of Expression of the Chicken GATA-2 Gene in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

Nony

Hannon

Gould

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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We have isolated and characterized the chicken GATA-2 (cGATA-2) gene. We show that, as in the case of some other members of the GATA gene family, the gene is expressed from alternative first exons. One of the resulting mRNAs represents only a minor form of the GATA-2 mRNA in the cells and tissues we analyzed; the other is ubiquitously expressed. We have defined the minimal promoter that controls expression of this most abundant mRNA and that is necessary for full activity in hematopoietic progenitor cells. The activity of this promoter in transient assays is consistent with developmental differences of expression levels in these cells. We identify within the promoter a previously unrecognized extended CCAAT motif essential for its activity. The organization of the cGATA-2 gene, with alternative first exons and a CCAAT box in the proximal promoter, is similar to that recently described for mouse GATA-2, and the proximal promoter also resembles the only promoter so far described in Xenopus. Nonetheless, the roles of the promoters in development and tissue-specific expression are quite different in these organisms, most strikingly in the mouse, which assigns developmental roles to its proximal and distal promoters that are quite different from those in the chicken. We suggest that although the overall organization may remain the same, the role assigned to each promoter varies among organisms. We identify distant upstream regulatory elements in the cGATA-2 gene that modulate expression from the proximal promoter and that may be responsible for this variation.

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Section: The Ccaat Element Of the Minimal Promoter Includes A Previoumentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In the mouse testis, the gene is expressed from another first exon, which is different from the cell-specific ones (44). The chicken GATA-5 gene has also been reported to be transcribed from two alternative first exons (45).…”

Section: The Ccaat Element Of the Minimal Promoter Includes A Previoumentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternate Promoters and Developmental Modulation of Expression of the Chicken GATA-2 Gene in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

Nony

Hannon

Gould

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The GATA family gene organization is highly conserved (12,13). Murine GATA-1 (14), mouse and human GATA-2 (13,15), chicken GATA-5 (16,17), and GATA-6 (18) each contains two distinct promoters and alternate first exons that independently regulate gene expression in distinct tissues or cell lineages.…”

Section: In Naive Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutting Edge: Identification of an Alternative GATA-3 Promoter Directing Tissue-Specific Gene Expression in Mouse and Human

Asnagli

Afkarian

Murphy

2002

The Journal of Immunology

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The GATA family of transcription factors regulates development of multiple tissues. Several GATA factors have two promoters directing distinct tissue-specific expression. Although GATA-3 acts in both neuronal and thymocyte development, no alternative promoter usage has been reported. We examined various cell types and tissues for potential alternative GATA-3 transcripts and identified an alternative transcript directed by a promoter located 10 kb upstream of the recognized promoter. Sequences within this promoter and alternative first exon are highly conserved between mouse and human genomes. This new promoter is expressed selectively in the brain but is essentially undetectable in the thymus. In contrast, the recognized promoter is selectively expressed in the thymus but not in the brain. We also observed a gradual increase in expression from this new promoter during Th2 development. These results indicate that similar to other GATA factors, the GATA-3 gene can be controlled by two promoters that may direct lineage- and tissue-specific expression.

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“…(GATA-4/5/6), also contains two alternative untranslated first exons (42). The use of multiple first exons/promoters has been found in a number of transcription factor genes that are essential for hematopoietic cell development.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these genes consist of 5 translated exons and first exons encoding 5Ј UTR. Chicken GATA-5 gene consists of six translated exons and two alternative first exons (42).…”

Section: Fig 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Promoters Regulate Transcription of the Mouse GATA-2 Gene

Minegishi

Ohta

Suwabe

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

106

105

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Transcription factor GATA-2 has been shown to be a key regulator in hematopoietic progenitor cells. To elucidate how the expression of the GATA-2 gene is controlled, we isolated the mouse GATA-2 (mGATA-2) gene. Transcription of mGATA-2 mRNAs was found to initiate from two distinct first exons, both of which encode entirely untranslated regions, while the remaining five exons are shared by each of the two divergent mRNAs. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that GATA-2 mRNA initiated at the upstream first exon (IS) in Sca-1 ؉ /c-kit ؉ hematopoietic progenitor cells, whereas mRNA that initiates at the downstream first exon (IG) is expressed in all tissues and cell lines that express GATA-2. While the structure of the IG exon/promoter shows high similarity to those of the Xenopus and human GATA-2 genes, the IS exon/ promoter has not been described previously. When we examined the regulation contributing to IS transcription using transient transfection assays, we found that sequences lying between ؊79 and ؊61 are critical for the cell type-specific activity of the IS promoter. DNase I footprinting experiments and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated the binding of transcription factors to this region. These data indicate that the proximal 80 base pair region of IS promoter is important for the generation of cell type-specific expression of mGATA-2 from the IS exon.

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Transcripts for Functionally Distinct Isoforms of Chicken GATA-5 Are Differentially Expressed from Alternative First Exons

Cited by 34 publications

References 36 publications

Alternate Promoters and Developmental Modulation of Expression of the Chicken GATA-2 Gene in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

Alternate Promoters and Developmental Modulation of Expression of the Chicken GATA-2 Gene in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

Cutting Edge: Identification of an Alternative GATA-3 Promoter Directing Tissue-Specific Gene Expression in Mouse and Human

Alternative Promoters Regulate Transcription of the Mouse GATA-2 Gene

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