Transdermal Patches for Delivery of Beta-Blockers

Abstract

Transdermal matrices containing 1.258 mg/cm2 of propranolol and consisting of ethylcellulose (EC), castor oil, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) or halloysite (HA) were prepared. They were evaluated by tests such as folding endurance, moisture content and absorption, and paddle dissolution test. Of the total amount of propranolol in the samples (20 mg), 28.41% ± 3.30% was released from the EC film after 24 hours, the addition of HA 20.94% ± 1.52% (f1 = 61.82 ± 7.70, f2 = 53.61 ± 4.25) or HPMC 36.05% ± 6.18% (f1 = 34.48 ± 8.79, f2 = 65.02 ± 5.33). The dissolution profiles of HA and HPMC films were compared with each other (f1 = 51.35 ± 12.56, f2 = 59.20 ± 9.43).

Nanoclay-Based Composite Films for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Development, Characterization, and in silico Modeling and Simulation

“…A similar inverse relationship of HNTs’ concentration with drug release was also reported by many researchers. 8 , 50 The decrease in drug release rate in the presence of HNTs is considered due to loading of drug into the material lumen or strong ion interaction between drug and HNTs as well as improvement in mechanical properties and enhancement in the thermal stability of the polymer composite. 8 , 15 , 51…”

“…A similar inverse relationship of HNTs' concentration with drug release was also reported by many researchers. 8,50 The decrease in drug release rate in the presence of HNTs is considered due to loading of drug into the material lumen or strong ion interaction between drug and HNTs as well as improvement in mechanical properties and enhancement in the thermal stability of the polymer composite. 8,15,51 The dissolution data of the formulations were subjected to different release kinetic models, including zero order, first order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas, and the results are presented in Table 5.…”