Transdifferentiation

Eguchi, Goro; Kodama, Ryuji

doi:10.1016/0955-0674(93)90087-7

Cited by 185 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The presently observed eye-like structures may not necessarily reflect the product of the normal eye development program but may have resulted from partial transdifferentiation into lens cells after induction of the pigment or neural retina cells from ES cells (Eguchi and Kodama, 1993). Pax6-dependent induction of the eye-like structures may just indicate Pax6-dependent induction of RPEs followed by their transdifferentiation into other cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Hirano

Yamamoto

Yoshimura

et al. 2003

Developmental Dynamics

101

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Embryonic stem cells have the potential to give rise to all cell lineages when introduced into the early embryo. They also give rise to a limited number of different cell types in vitro in specialized culture systems. In this study, we established a culture system in which a structure consisting of lens, neural retina, and pigmented retina was efficiently induced from embryonic stem cells. Refractile cell masses containing lens and neural retina were surrounded by retinal pigment epithelium layers and, thus, designated as eye-like structures. Developmental processes required for eye development appear to proceed in this culture system, because the formation of the eye-like structures depended on the expression of Pax6, a key transcription factor for eye development. The present culture system opens up the possibility of examining early stages of eye development and also of producing cells for use in cellular therapy for various diseases of the eye. Developmental Dynamics 228:664 -671, 2003.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Hirano

Yamamoto

Yoshimura

et al. 2003

Developmental Dynamics

101

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“…Some of these genes may represent genes involved in wound healing, such as Xmmp-9 (Carinato et al, 2000); others may represent corneal genes that inadvertently passed through the subtraction process, which have nothing to do with lens formation. A key difference between embryonic development and transdifferentiation, or regeneration, involves the initial generation of progenitor cells by means of the localized de-differentiation of cell fates (Eguchi and Kodama, 1993;Del Rio-Tsonis et al, 1995b;Kodama and Eguchi, 1995;Stocum, 1995;Kosaka et al, 1998). It is likely that significant patterns of gene expression will be associated with these early phases of transdifferentiation, which may not take place during development.…”

Section: Relationships Between the Process Of Embryonic Lens Developmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing gene expression during lens formation in Xenopus laevis: Evaluating the model for embryonic lens induction

Henry

Carinato

Schaefer

et al. 2002

Developmental Dynamics

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Few directed searches have been undertaken to identify the genes involved in vertebrate lens formation. In the frog Xenopus, the larval cornea can undergo a process of transdifferentiation to form a new lens once the original lens is removed. Based on preliminary evidence, we have shown that this process shares many elements of a common molecular/genetic pathway to that involved in embryonic lens development. A subtracted cDNA library, enriched for genes expressed during cornea-lens transdifferentiation, was prepared. The similarities/identities of specific clones isolated from the subtracted cDNA library define an expression profile of cells undergoing cornea-lens transdifferentiation ("lens regeneration") and corneal wound healing (the latter representing a consequence of the surgery required to trigger transdifferentiation). Screens were undertaken to search for genes expressed during both transdifferentiation and embryonic lens development. Significantly, new genes were recovered that are also expressed during embryonic lens development. The expression of these genes, as well as others known to be expressed during embryonic development in Xenopus, can be correlated with different periods of embryonic lens induction and development, in an attempt to define these events in a molecular context. This information is considered in light of our current working model of embryonic lens induction, in which specific tissue properties and phases of induction have been previously defined in an experimental context. Expression data reveal the existence of further levels of complexity in this process and suggests that individual phases of lens induction and specific tissue properties are not strictly characterized or defined by expression of individual genes.

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“…They recruit differentiated cells to generate stem cells for regeneration. In this process differentiated cells dedifferentiate, resume cell cycle activity and transdifferentiate to new cell types (Okada, 1991;Eguchi and Kodama, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The homeobox gene Msx in development and transdifferentiation of jellyfish striated muscle

Galle¹,

Yanze²,

Seipel³

2005

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Bilaterian Msx homeobox genes are generally expressed in areas of cell proliferation and in association with multipotent progenitor cells. Likewise, jellyfish Msx is expressed in progenitor cells of the developing entocodon, a cell layer giving rise to the striated and smooth muscles of the medusa. However, in contrast to the bilaterian homologs, Msx gene expression is maintained at high levels in the differentiated striated muscle of the medusa in vivo and in vitro. This tissue exhibits reprogramming competence. Upon induction, the Msx gene is immediately switched off in the isolated striated muscle undergoing transdifferentiation, to be upregulated again in the emerging smooth muscle cells which, in a stem cell like manner, undergo quantal cell divisions producing two cell types, a proliferating smooth muscle cell and a differentiating nerve cell. This study indicates that the Msx protein may be a key component of the reprogramming machinery responsible for the extraordinary transdifferentation and regeneration potential of striated muscle in the hydrozoan jellyfish.

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Transdifferentiation

Cited by 185 publications

References 26 publications

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Generation of structures formed by lens and retinal cells differentiating from embryonic stem cells

Characterizing gene expression during lens formation in Xenopus laevis: Evaluating the model for embryonic lens induction

The homeobox gene Msx in development and transdifferentiation of jellyfish striated muscle

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