Transdifferentiation of corneal epithelium: evidence for a linkage between the segregation of epidermal stem cells and the induction of hair follicles during embryogenesis.

Pearton, David J.; Ferraris, Corinne; Dhouailly, Danielle

doi:10.1387/ijdb.15272385

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Corneal cells could be differentiated into hair follicle cells when placed over hair forming embryonic dermis. Differentiation occurred in two steps: corneal cells first dedifferentiated to show limbal basal cell characteristics, then begun to express markers of epidermal differentiation and formed hair follicle-like structures (48)(49)(50). Subpopulations of limbal epithelial cells that acquired nestin positivity under the effect of mitogens in culture differentiated into functional neuronal cells (51,52).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Limbal Epithelial Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cells of the adult cornea: From cytometric markers to therapeutic applications

et al. 2008

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The cornea is a major protective shield of the interior of the eye and represents two thirds of its refractive power. It is made up of three tissue layers that have different developmental origins: the outer, epithelial layer develops from the ectoderm overlying the lens vesicle, whereas the stroma and the endothelium have mesenchymal origin. In the adult organism, the outermost corneal epithelium is the most exposed to environmental damage, and its constant renewal is assured by the epithelial stem cells that reside in the limbus, the circular border of the cornea. Cell turnover in the stromal layer is very slow and the endothelial cells probably do not reproduce in the adult organism. However, recent experimental evidence indicates that stem cells may be found in these layers. Damage to any of the corneal layers leads to loss of transparency and low vision. Corneal limbal stem cell deficiency results in severe ocular surface disease and its treatment by transplantating ex vivo expanded limbal epithelial cells is becoming widely accepted today. Stromal and endothelial stem cells are potential tools of tissue engineering and regenerative therapies of corneal ulcers and endothelial cell loss. In the past few years, intensive research has focused on corneal stem cells aiming to improve the outcomes of the current corneal stem cell transplantation techniques. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on corneal epithelial, stromal and endothelial stem cells. Special emphasis is placed on the molecular markers that may help to identify these cells, and the recently revealed mechanisms that could maintain their ''stemness'' or drive their differentiation. The techniques for isolating and culturing/ expanding these cells are also described. '

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Section: Characteristics Of Limbal Epithelial Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cells of the adult cornea: From cytometric markers to therapeutic applications

et al. 2008

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“…Stem cells gave rise to a transient amplifying population (TA), which was generally considered to be irreversibly committed. But Corinne Ferraris provided the first evidence revealing that a distinct TA cell population could be reprogrammed [43,44] . Our results further demonstrated that the epidermal stem cells were multipotency stem cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative epidermal stem cell convert into corneal epithelium-like cell under corneal tissue in vitro

et al. 2007

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Rhesus putative epidermal stem cells are being investigated for their potential use in regenerative corneal epithelium-like cells, which may provide a practical source of autologous seed cells for the construction of bioengineered corneas. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of epidermal stem cells for trans-differentiation into corneal epithelium-like cells. Rhesus putative epidermal stem cells were isolated by type IV collagen attachment method. Flow cytometry analysis, immunohistology and RT-PCR were conducted to identify the expression of specific markers (beta1, alpha6 integrin, K15, K1/K10, K3/K12 and CD71) on the isolated rapid attaching cells. The isolated cells were cocultured with human corneal limbal stroma and corneal epithelial cells. After coculture, the expression of the same specific markers was evaluated in order to identify expression difference caused by the coculture conditions. K3/K12 expression was analyzed in coculture cells on day 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Putative epidermal stem cells in conditioned culture media were used as control. Putative epidermal stem cells were predominant in rapid attaching cells by type IV collagen attachment isolation. Before being cocultured, the rhesus putative epidermal stem cells expressed K15, alpha6 and beta1 integrin, but no CD71, K1/K10 and K3/K12. After coculture, these cells expressed K3/K12 (a marker of corneal epithelial cells), K15 and beta1 integrin, but no K1/K10. Cells being not coculture converted into terminally differentiated cells expressing K1/K10. These results indicate that rhesus putative epidermal stem cells can trans-differentiate into corneal epithelium-like cells and, therefore, may have potential therapeutic application as autologous seed cells for the construction of bioengineered corneas.

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“…A recently engineered K14 -noggin transgenic mouse shows that sweat glands are transformed to hairs , while noggin overexpression under the neuron-specific enolase promoter can convert outer root sheath keratinocytes into sebocytes (Guha et al 2004). An adult cornea can also be diverted to form pilosebaceous units when they are confronted with embryonic hair forming dermis (Pearton et al, 2004). These observations imply that the specific combinatorial molecular codes may specify phenotypes of skin and skin appendages (Chuong, 1993;Prin and Dhouailly, 2004).…”

Section: Regional Specificitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct mechanisms underlie pattern formation in the skin and skin appendages

Widelitz

Baker²,

Plikus

et al. 2006

Birth Defects Research Pt C

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SummaryPatterns form with the break of homogeneity, leading to the emergence of new structure or arrangement. There are different physiological and pathological mechanisms which lead to the formation of patterns. Here we first introduce the basics of pattern formation and their possible biological basis. We then discuss different categories of skin patterns and their potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Some patterns, such as the lines of Blaschko and naevus, are based on cell lineage and genetic mosaicism. Other patterns, such as regional specific skin appendages, can be set by distinct combinatorial molecular codes, which in turn may be set by morphogenetic gradients. There are also some patterns, such as the arrangement of hair follicles (hair whorls) and fingerprints, which involve genetics as well as stochastic epigenetic events based on physical-chemical principles. Many appendage primordia are laid out in developmental waves. In the adult, some patterns, such as those involving cycling hair follicles, may appear as traveling waves in mutant mice. Since skin appendages can renew themselves in regeneration, their size and shape can still change in the adult via regulation by hormones and the environment. Some lesion patterns are based on pathological changes involving the above processes and can be used as diagnostic criteria in medicine. Understanding the different mechanisms which lead to patterns on the skin will help us appreciate their full significance in morphogenesis and medical research. Much remains to be learned about complex pattern formation, a level between molecular biology and organism phenotypes.

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Transdifferentiation of corneal epithelium: evidence for a linkage between the segregation of epidermal stem cells and the induction of hair follicles during embryogenesis.

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Stem cells of the adult cornea: From cytometric markers to therapeutic applications

Stem cells of the adult cornea: From cytometric markers to therapeutic applications

Putative epidermal stem cell convert into corneal epithelium-like cell under corneal tissue in vitro

Distinct mechanisms underlie pattern formation in the skin and skin appendages

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