Transdifferentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells into neural lineage and their application

Abstract

Adipose-derived stem cells are a kind of mesenchymal stem cells which have a higher frequency in the adipose tissue and can be harvested by minimally invasive procedures. These cells are able to differentiate into other cells outside their lineage such as neuron, neurotrophic factor secreting cells and Schwann cells. Many of the identified neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor can be produced by adipose-derived stem cells. In addition, these cells when differentiated into neurotrophic factor secreting cells are able to secrete a significantly high level of these factors. Neurotrophic factors have a significant role in cellular processes include cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation. This article reviews the in vitro differentiation of adiposederived stem cells into neural lineage cells and clinical application.

The effect of low static magnetic field on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of human adipose stromal/stem cells

“…This is because of their high viability and ease of obtaining in large quantities with little donor site related complications or patient discomfort. Cellular therapies based on ASCs have been shown to be both safe and effective in pre-and clinical studies -both in veterinary, as well as human medicine [7][8][9] These stem cells posses the unique ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes, and recently also their differentiation potential into neuronal precursor cells has been demonstrated [10,11]. Beside self-renewal and multipotency ASCs have been demonstrated to display immunomodulatory effects by Contents lists available at ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jmmm interacting both with natural, as well as adoptive immune responses [12,13].…”

Glial-restricted progenitor cells: a cure for diseased brain?

“…In one study, after multiple passages and sequentially culturing hADSCs in differentiation media consisting of, but not limited to, Shh, retinoids, neurotrophin-3 (NT3), and PDGFα, OPC-like cells with A2B5 + Olig2 + phenotype started to form with more than 90% efficiency. Unfortunately, no in vivo studies were described in this publication to verify the therapeutic potential of generated cells [ 34 ]. Finally, OPCs were differentiated from the dental pulp subpopulation of MSCs (hDPSCs) after exogenous delivery of the Olig2 gene [ 7 ] or using similar factors as in the case of hADCs [ 34 , 100 ].…”

“…Unfortunately, no in vivo studies were described in this publication to verify the therapeutic potential of generated cells [ 34 ]. Finally, OPCs were differentiated from the dental pulp subpopulation of MSCs (hDPSCs) after exogenous delivery of the Olig2 gene [ 7 ] or using similar factors as in the case of hADCs [ 34 , 100 ].…”

Update on Pituitary Folliculo-Stellate Cells

“…The importance of these findings relates to the fact that the stem cells, after the renewal of the pituitary gland and cell response to physiological changes, are also involved in repairing damage to pituitary cells [35,36]. The nature of the signals that drive their proliferation and differentiation into different cell types is not clear.…”