Transesterification of canola oil catalyzed by nanopowder calcium oxide

Zhao, Lei; Qiu, Zheyan; Stagg-Williams, Susan M.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.03.027

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…curcas L. oil (acid value, 9.29 mg KOH/g) [25] and crude palm oil 69 (acid value, 10.50 mg KOH/g) [26]. For the catalyst morphology, the activity of nanomaterials was 78 generally illustrated to be higher than that of conventional solid 79 materials for biodiesel synthesis [27]. Sonochemical and hydrother-80 mal methods are commonly employed for the preparation of nano-81 sized catalysts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano La2O3 as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis by transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil

Zhou

Zhang

Chang

et al. 2015

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano La2O3 as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis by transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil

Zhou

Zhang

Chang

et al. 2015

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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“…The broad band at 3441 cm −1 has been assigned to the bending and stretching modes of absorbed water molecules. In thermally calcined samples (FPC-HT and FPC-NAC), the appearance of a group at 3642 cm −1 was attributed to the -OH stretching and the formation of basic OH groups attached to the calcium atoms [7,9,25].…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic strength and basic site density are the main properties which determine the catalytic activity of solid base catalysts. The basic strength of the catalyst was tested using Hammett indicators [7,25]. The basic strength of FPC-HT and FPC-NAC were placed in a similar range between 2,4-dinitroaniline (H = 15) and 4-nitroaniline (H = 18.4).…”

Section: Basicity Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production Using Calcined Waste Filter Press Cake from a Sugar Manufacturing Facility as a Highly Economic Catalyst

Aghabarari

Martı́nez-Huerta

2016

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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forces in the search for renewable fuels [1,2]. Biodiesel, which was first tested by Rudolph Diesel in the 1890s as a fuel, and was again used during World War II, is gaining attention as an alternative, non-hazardous, biodegradable, and renewable diesel fuel. This biodiesel is usually produced by the transesterification of triglycerides, which are derived from animal fats or vegetable oils with a short chain alcohol, in the presence of a variety of catalysts especially homogeneous basic catalysts to form fatty acid alkyl esters [3,4].The transesterification reaction is catalyzed by both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. However, using homogeneous catalysts in biodiesel production has numerous disadvantages such as the difficulties in recycling the catalyst and the high generation of waste and water effluent. These problems can be avoided by the use of heterogeneous catalysts. Among the various solid heterogeneous catalysts, metal oxides such as calcium oxide [4] have been widely studied. The use of heterogeneous catalysts eliminates many of the technological and environmental problems inherent in homogeneous catalysts, although the majority of the heterogeneous catalysts developed are quite expensive, or difficult to prepare, which limits their industrial applications [5]. Therefore, extensive research has been carried out throughout the years in order to discover the most commercial and sustainable heterogeneous catalyst. However, the use of waste materials as heterogeneous catalysts is relatively recent in the search for a sustainable process [6]. To date, there are only a few studies regarding the use of waste materials as a source of CaO for the production of biodiesel. Calcium oxide derived from a variety of sources i.e., waste cockle shells (Anadara granosa) [7], waste shells of Turbonilla striatula [8], Waste capiz (Amusium cristatum) shells [9], waste freshwater mussel shells [10], Mereterix mereterix [11], eggs, golden apple snails, Abstract For the first time, a low cost, high performance and environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalyst derived from waste filter press cake (FPC) from a sugar manufacturing facility was used for the production of biodiesel. This industrial waste was calcined in air at 900 °C for 2 h to convert it into an active CaO-based catalyst (FPC-HT). In addition, the calcium oxide nanoparticles (FPC-NAC) were synthesized by surfactant-hydration treatment of FPC-HT. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and BET analysis. These calcium oxide catalysts were used for a transesterification reaction between canola oil and methanol to produce biodiesel. The results show that the FPC-NAC has higher catalytic activity than FPC-HT under optimized reaction conditions. Therefore, this economic catalyst is able to catalyze the transesterification of canola oil to its methyl esters in 1.5 h with yields above 96 %.

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“…Biodiesel is conventionally produced using a homogeneous catalyst in short-chain alcohol, preferably methanol, but this type of catalyst presents problems in the separation and purification of the product [7,8]. The use of a homogeneous catalyst is not environmentally benign because the washing step for catalyst removal produces a large amount of wastewater [9]. Besides, the reaction with alcohol produces approximately 10%-20% glycerol as by-product [10], which affects the FAME yield produced and process economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of glycerol free-fatty acid methyl esters from Jatropha oil over Ca–La mixed-oxide catalyst

Syamsuddin

Hameed

2016

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

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Transesterification of canola oil catalyzed by nanopowder calcium oxide

Cited by 65 publications

References 41 publications

Nano La2O3 as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis by transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil

Nano La2O3 as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis by transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil

Biodiesel Production Using Calcined Waste Filter Press Cake from a Sugar Manufacturing Facility as a Highly Economic Catalyst

Synthesis of glycerol free-fatty acid methyl esters from Jatropha oil over Ca–La mixed-oxide catalyst

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