Transesterification of cyclic carbonates with methanol at ambient conditions over tungstate-based solid catalysts

Supported imidazole as heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2

“…Among various possible transformations, the atom-economic synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 has been of great interest both industrially and academically (Scheme 1) [1,3,6,7]. Cyclic carbonates are used in the synthesis of many industrially important compounds like dimethyl carbonate and polycarbonates and they find applications as solvents and intermediates for the synthesis of fine chemicals [1,[8][9][10]. Conventionally, these cyclic carbonates are synthesized using phosgene or CO, which are hazardous and environmentally unfriendly [3,4,7].…”

Review for the Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate

“…5) is by far the most studied alternative for DMC synthesis [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], mainly due to the high productivity, selectivity of DMC, and also the co-generation of glycerol carbonate, which has a high commercial value. For instance, Sankar et al [62] reached high selectivity for DMC and conversion of ethylene carbonate at mild temperatures and atmospheric pressure; furthermore, the authors reported the one-pot transesterification reaction, where EC was produced in situ from carbonylation of ethylene oxide (EO). However, low selectivity was reached by this methodology.…”

Chemical equilibrium of glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol

“…Table 2 shows the equilibrium mole fraction of reactants and products in this reaction (scheme 5) at T = 298.15 K and 101,325 Pa [26] and the calculated activity coefficient by UNI-FAC [25].…”