Transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil glycerides: Theoretical and experimental studies of biodiesel reaction

Jatropha Bio-Diesel Production Technologies

“…Research activities around the world have come to the conclusion that biomass is presently the only available renewable option to produce transport fuels which are carbon neutral and can be stored and transported in large quantities using available petroleum infrastructure [2]- [4].…”

“…Biomass is already used to produce liquid transportation fuels namely, bioethanol and biodiesel from farm human feed products [2].Yet, the trend nowadays, is to develop production technologies for both products, from agricultural wastes and non-edible seed oils [4]. Under Egypt's land and water supply availabilities only non-edible oils such as Jatropha, Jojoba and castor oils can be considered for biodiesel production.…”

“…This collection of data and information enables us to discuss the actual best practices for production of Jatropha bio-diesel II. JCL CHEMISTRY AND ANALYSIS High-energy density liquid components, which can be used to make liquid fuels, are produced in plants as triglycerides, or terpenes [1]- [4].Triglycerides, as fats and oils, are found in the plant and animal kingdom and cosist of water-insoluble, hydrophobic substance that are made of one mole of glycerol and three moles of fatty acids [5]- [12].…”

“…It is important to point out that pure vegetable oils (VOs) can not be used directly in diesel engines because of the high viscosity, low volatility, and engine problems including coking on the injectors, carbon deposits, oil ring sticking, and thickening of the lubricating oils [4], [12].Yet, they can be used as base for liquid engine fuels in various ways, e.g. blends with other components, micro-emulsification, transesterification (TE), and hydrotreating [4].…”

“…blends with other components, micro-emulsification, transesterification (TE), and hydrotreating [4]. [8]- [15]: Transesterification Chemistry vegetable oils is the reaction of the oil constituents (triglycerides) with excess methyl or ethyl alcohol, in a three-step reaction as follows:…”