Transesterification of used frying oil by activated banana peels waste catalyst for biodiesel production

Salleh, Zurena Mohd; Yahya, Noor Yahida; Nasarudin, Muhammad Amirul Syafiq; Herman, Dea Natasha

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.074

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Methods of cheaply obtaining these heterogeneous catalysts are being researched, such as the use of green catalysts, waste products, and cheaper precursor sources of the catalysts that require slight modification. Previous research on cheap sources such as waste eggshells, goat bone, and banana peel wastes has been investigated [14]. In another study, the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil was done using wheat bran ash as a catalyst.…”

Section: Environmental and Climate Technologies _____________________...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production Using Calcined Phosphate Rock as a Precursor of Calcium Oxide Heterogeneous Catalyst

Kiprono

Rutto

Seodigeng

et al. 2022

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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In this paper, phosphate rock has been utilized beyond its traditional role as a raw material for fertilizer production to a new potential role as a heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production. The rock was thermally modified through calcination at 900 °C for 8 hrs. One factor at a time experimental design was used to vary the operating conditions of time (30–150 min), temperature (40 °C–80 °C,) catalyst concentration (1–5 wt%), and methanol to oil ratio (10–50 wt%). It was established that the optimum production conditions for maximum biodiesel yield of 93 % using this novel catalyst was achieved at reaction time 90 min, reaction temperature 60 °C, catalyst concentration 3wt% and methanol to oil weight ratio of 30 wt%. The synthesized biodiesel was compared with the raw waste oil using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine the efficiency of conversion from this catalyst. The catalyst modification after calcination was also analysed using this spectroscopic technique to confirm any changes in the functional groups. Biodiesel’s chemical and physical properties were measured based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) international standards for biodiesel.

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Section: Environmental and Climate Technologies _____________________...mentioning

confidence: 99%